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U.S. Government > 3 Branches of Government and Articles of Constitution > Flashcards

3 Branches of Government and Articles of Constitution Flashcards

(144 cards)

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1
Q

(Article 1) The power to _____________ is given to a ____________ made up of two chambers to represent different interests: a ___________ to represent the states; a ____________ to be more responsive to the people’s will

A

make laws, legislature, upper house (senate), lower house (HOR)

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2
Q

(Article 1) The US Congress is _______ - divided into 2 chambers or houses

A

bicameral

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3
Q

(Article 1) ______________ - “lower” house

A

House of Representatives

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4
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications for House of Representatives (age)

A

at least 25 years of age

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5
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications for HOR (citizen)

A

citizen for at least 7 years

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6
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR (living location)

A

live in the state he/she represents

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7
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - representation is based on: __________

A

population

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8
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - term of office

A

2 year terms

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9
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - election process

A

directly elected by the people

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10
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - the number of representatives was set at __________ in 1929. The number is still ________ today

A

435

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11
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - the __________ of the House is responsible for choosing the heads of various house committees

A

speaker

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12
Q

what is impeachment

A

two step process formally removing president from office

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13
Q

(Article 1) ____________ - “upper” house

A

senate

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14
Q

(Article 1) qualifications for senate (age)

A

at least 30 years of age

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15
Q

(Article 1) qualifications for senate (citizen)

A

citizen for at least 9 years

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16
Q

(Article 1) qualifications for senate (living location)

A

must live in the state he/she represents

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17
Q

(Article 1) qualifications for senate - representation is ________ - 2 senators for each state

A

equal

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18
Q

(article 1) qualifications for senate - term of office

A

6 years

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19
Q

there are a total of ______ senators (2 from each state)

A

100

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20
Q

(article 1) qualifications for senate - election process

A

serve 6 year terms in office

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21
Q

the vice president’s only duty listed in the constitution is to preside over the _______

A

senate

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22
Q

the senate elects its other officers, including the presiding officer: ________ who serves when the vice president is absent

A

president pro tempore

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23
Q

the ____ amendment changed the way senators are selected

A

17

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24
Q

senators are now _________ elected by the people

A

directly

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25
all bills must originate in the __________
HOR
26
a bill - __________ - becomes a law by passing through both houses of congress of congress and being signed by the _________
a proposal, president
27
in 1845, election day was set at ________________
tuesday after the first monday in november
28
the 20th amendment, changed the date of congressional opening to _________
january 3
29
what is a quorum
one more than half the members of congress
30
what is revenue
government money from taxes
31
what is a veto
president doesn't approve/ says no to proposed law
32
what is a pocket veto
president never signs or vetoes/ignores the law
33
5 powers delegated to congress
1. taxation 2. commerce (trade) 3. borrowing 4. courts 5. post office
34
3 powers denied to the federal government
1. slave trade 2. direct taxes 3. titles of nobility and gifts
35
what is article 2
executive branch - the presidency
36
(article 2) gives the power to the president to __________
enforce/carry out laws
37
what are the 3 parts of the executive branch
1. presidency (selected by electoral college) 2. vice-presidency (also selected on the same ticket) 3. cabinet (appointed by the president)
38
what is the term of office for president
4 years
39
the constitutional convention had trouble deciding how the president was to be chosen. the system agreed upon _________ election by electors
indirect
40
what is the electoral college system
group of citizens who select the president. the number of electors is equal to the total number of senators (100) + total number of representatives (435) + 3 for DC
41
date of elections
tuesday after the first Monday in november
42
2 presidential qualifications
1. must be 35 years of age | 2. must be a natural born citizen
43
(article 2) vacancies. if the president ______, ____________ or is ___________ or is unable to _____________ the __________ becomes the president
dies, resigns, impeached, fulfill his duties as president, vice president
44
the presidential oath of office is usually administered by the
chief justice
45
2 powers of the president
1. makes treaties with other countries and appoints people | 2. makes temporary appointments
46
3 reasons why a president can be impeached
1. treason 2. bribery 3. high crimes and misdemeanors
47
impeachment is _________. the house of representatives formally "_______" the president and the senate formally "________." both houses must vote in favor of impeachment for a president to be _______ from office
removal office, accuses, convicts, removed
48
what is article 3
judicial branch - us supreme court
49
the constitution sets up not only the supreme court but also the _________
lower courts
50
there are currently __ justices of the supreme court. leader = _______
9, chief justice
51
the supreme court 2 types of jurisdiction
1. original jurisdiction - location or court where initial case takes place 2. appellate jurisdiction - court at which cases that are appealed are held
52
most supreme court cases are heard on _____ from lower courts
appeal
53
______ is the highest court in the land
supreme court
54
supreme court makes the _______ in all cases that it hears
final decision
55
congress also has the power to set up a system of ____________
lower federal courts
56
justices serve_____ terms
life
57
holds office for life
judicial
58
serves as commander in chief of the air force, army, marines, and navy
executive
59
elected to a two year term
house of representatives
60
can override a veto
legislative (house and senate)
61
appoints ambassadors to other foreign nations
executive
62
only two from each state
senate
63
can overrule a lower court
judicial
64
delivers the annual state of the union address
executive
65
can make laws relating to gun control
legislative (house and senate)
66
elected to a four year term
executive
67
can lower the federal income tax
legislative (house and senate)
68
can declare war
legislative (house and senate)
69
must be at least 35 years of age
executive
70
can veto a bill
executive
71
can formally accuse the president of treason, bribery, or other high crimes
house of representatives
72
trial by jury
judicial
73
hears cases relating to the us constitution
judicial
74
has power to make treaties on the condition of senate approval
executive
75
settles disputes between states
judicial
76
can convict a president of treason, bribery, or other high crimes
senate
77
3 branches of government
legislative, executive, judicial
78
makes laws
legislature
79
execute laws
executive
80
interpret laws
judicial
81
leader title of the upper house (Senate)
vice presidency/president pro tempore
82
leader of the lower house (house of representatives)
speaker of the house
83
leader of the executive branch
president
84
leader of the judicial branch
chief justice
85
number of senates
2 per state
86
number of representatives
435
87
number of cabinet officials
15
88
number of justices
9
89
election/appointment for senate
direct election
90
election/appointment for house of representatives
direct election
91
election/appointment for president
electoral college
92
election/appointment for cabinet officials
appointed by the president with congressional approval
93
election/appointment for justices
appointed by the president, confirmed by the senate
94
age requirement for cabinet officials
no age requirement
95
age requirement for justices
no age requirement
96
term of office for cabinet officials
no term of office (tends to change with political party)
97
what is the title of a supreme court judge
justice
98
what is the highest court in the land
supreme court
99
how does one get to be a member of the cabinet
president
100
remove judges from office
L over J
101
veto bills
E over L
102
appoint judges
E over J
103
override veto
L over E
104
call special sessions
E over L
105
control appropriations
L over E
106
fail to enforce a court order
E over J
107
declare a law unconstitutional
J over L
108
grant a reprieve
E over J
109
replace some existing courts
L over J
110
set free a person being held by the FBI
E over J
111
propose an amendment
E over L
112
confirm appointments
L over E
113
ratify treaties
L over E
114
declare the president's actions unconstitutional
J over E
115
preamble
statement at the beginning of an official document
116
legislative
having to do with law making
117
term of office
the limited amount of time an elected official serves
118
electors
political party members from a state that formally elects the president
119
vacancy
an open seat in the house of congress
120
quorum
the minimum number of members who must be present to permit a legislative body to take official action
121
congressional record
official statements published daily by the government printing office (meeting minutes of congress)
122
adjourn
to formally end a meeting; dismiss
123
immunity
freedom from persecution
124
revenue
money raised by the government through taxes
125
veto
rejection of a proposed law
126
pocket veto
a bill on the desk of the president for 10 days that has not been signed
127
bill
proposed law
128
commerce
trade
129
naturalization
the legal process by which a person is granted citizenship
130
copyrights
formal document that protects an author's words; give the author an exclusive right to the words for a specific period of time
131
patents
formal document that permits an inventor to manufacture and sell the product for a specific amount of time
132
militia
citizens trained as soldiers; national guard
133
appropriation
official approval by govt spending
134
titles of nobility
formal declaration of status such as duke, duchess, and earl
135
executive
having to do with the enforcement of laws
136
oath of office
official affirmation of dedication to a public office
137
judicial
having to do with the interpretation of laws
138
common law
laws made by judges in process of resolving individual cases
139
statute law
laws that are written down or formally on record
140
original jurisdiction
the authority of a trial court (court that originally heard a case)
141
appellate jurisdiction
the authority of a court to hear a case that is appealed by a lower court (a higher court can hear a case on appeal from a lower court)
142
extradition
an "accused" person is returned to state where crime occurred
143
amendments
changes or additions to the constitution
144
supremacy clause
established the constitution as the highest law of the US

U.S. Government (12 decks)

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