3.1.2 Animal transport – The Structure of the Heart Flashcards
(15 cards)
What type of tissue is the heart made out of?
Cardiac muscle
What are the names of the two top chambers of the heart?
The atria (or right atrium and left atrium)
What are the names of the two bottom chambers of the heart?
The ventricles (or right ventricle and left ventricle)
What is the name of the muscular wall between the right and left sides of the heart?
The septum
What are the names of the vessels on the surface of the heart that supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood?
The coronary arteries
Which side of the heart carries oxygenated blood?
The left side
Name the vessel that carries deoxygenated blood into the right atrium.
Vena cava
Name the vessel that carries oxygenated blood into the left atrium.
Pulmonary vein
Name the vessel that carries oxygenated blood out of the left ventricle.
Aorta
Name the vessel that carries deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle.
Pulmonary artery
Name the 2 valves in the aorta and pulmonary artery.
- Aortic semilunar valve
- Pulmonary semilunar valve
Name the 2 valves between the atria and ventricles.
Left atrioventricular valve or bicuspid valve.
Right atrioventricular valve or tricuspid valve.
Name the structures that attach the valve flap to the heart wall.
Tendinous cords
Which chamber(s) have the thinnest walls and why?
The atria, because they contract pushing blood downwards (with the help of gravity), to the ventricles which is a short distance for the blood to travel.
Why is the left ventricle’s wall thicker than the right ventricle’s wall?
- The left ventricle needs to contract the blood with more force to get a higher pressure blood so it can travel a greater distance (the rest of the body).
- The right ventricle is only contracting to pressurise blood to get to the lungs, which is a shorter distance.
