4.1.1 Communicable Disease and Prevention – Phagocytosis and Blood Smear

Question 1

Draw and name cells involved in phagocytosis

Answer 1

A = monocyte/macrophage
B = neutrophil
C = lymphocyte
D = erythrocyte

Question 2

Name the different types of phagocyte.

Answer 2

Neutrophil
Monocyte (which turn into a macrophage)

Question 3

Where are phagocytes produced?

Answer 3

The bone marrow.

Question 4

What process are phagocytes involved in?

Answer 4

Phagocytosis (ingestion of a pathogen/foreign material)

Question 5

How do the nuclei shape of the 2 types of phagocyte differ?

Answer 5

Neutrophil – multilobed nucleus
Monocyte/macrophage – kidney shaped nucleus

Question 6

What chemical causes the capillary walls to become more permeable to allow phagocytes to get to the site of an infection?

Answer 6

Histamine.

Question 7

Why are phagocytes attracted to pathogens?

Answer 7

The pathogens produce a chemical that attract the phagocyte.

Question 8

What do phagocytes recognise pathogens as being?

Answer 8

Non-self/foreign.

Question 9

Describe the process of phagocytosis.

Answer 9

• The phagocyte engulfs the pathogen and encloses it in a vacuole called a phagosome.
• A lysosome combines with the phagosome to form a phagolysosome.
• Enzymes from the lysosomes digest and destroy the pathogen.

Question 10

When do monocytes become macrophages?

Answer 10

When they have settled in an organ.

Question 11

When a macrophage has ingested a pathogen, what does it do and what does it become?

Answer 11

• It cuts up the pathogen to display the antigen to other immune cells.
• It becomes an ‘antigen presenting cell’.