4.1.1 Communicable Disease and Prevention – Structure and Function of Antibodies Flashcards
(15 cards)
Name the specific type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies.
B Plasma cells.
What are the names of the 2 types of chain that make an antibody?
Light polypeptide chain.
Heavy polypeptide chain.
Name the bonds that hold the 4 chains together.
Disulphide bonds.
Draw and name parts of an antiboddy
What is the function of the hinge region?
It allows flexibility of the antibody.
What is the function of the variable region?
It allows binding to a specific antigen.
Where does the constant region attach to?
A phagocyte.
Which part of an antibody allows the distance of the binding sites to vary.
The hinge region.
Which part of the antibody will have different amino acid sequences in different antibodies?
The variable region.
Which part of the antibody will have the same amino acid sequence in different antibodies?
The constant region.
How do antibodies neutralise a pathogen?
The antibodies attach to the antigens on the surface of the pathogen and prevent the pathogen from binding to the host’s cells.
What is agglutination?
Antibodies bind to more than one pathogen, so they clump pathogens together.
What happens to the pathogens following agglutination?
A phagocyte engulfs the clump of pathogens.
Name the type of antibody that binds to antigens on a pathogen and act as a binding site for phagocytes.
Opsonin.
Name the type of antibody that bind onto toxic molecules that are released by pathogens.
Antitoxin.
