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From Flashcardlet > Church History fall final > Flashcards

Church History fall final Flashcards

1
Q

Church as institution

A

the hierarchy or structure of the church; provides order and structure

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2
Q

Church as community

A

The church must unite and come together as a community. Relationship, belonging, Unity

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3
Q

Church as sacrament

A

The church celebrates sacraments like Eucharist and the other 6 sacraments, Baptism, Reconciliation, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders, Matrimony, and Confirmation. A Visible sign to an invisible reality. Gives grace (participation in God’s life)

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4
Q

Church as Herald

A

The church must continue to proclaim the good news of Jesus Christ; spreads a message

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5
Q

Church as servant

A

Service to human needs in social, economic, and political orders, also the preaching of the Word and celebration of the sacraments; to help and heal all.

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6
Q

Church as the body of Christ/People of God

A

In the Christian testament the church is often described as the body of Christ. The community of believers–professing Christian faith, caring for one another, celebrating the Eucharist together, serving the poor—becomes the bod of Jesus on Earth. Togetherness and making up the church

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7
Q

Church as society

A

The church teaches we have the responsibility to work for a better life for the poor and suffering. All people have dignity

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8
Q

Church as salvation

A

god making his covenant with the people so the notion of people with God goes deep into the scriptures.

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9
Q

The Trinity

A

Three persons in one God– God the father, God the son, and God the Holy Spirit.

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10
Q

The Church

A

Pope and bishops; whole body of Christians worldwide make up the church; people called together; the church is both human and divine; always been apart of God’s plan, institution, servant, messenger.

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11
Q

ekklesia

A

Greek word for church, means the coming together of.

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12
Q

The magisterium

A

Pope, Cardinals, and bishops make up the teaching office. The Magisterium is the living teaching office of the church.

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13
Q

diocese and Parish

A

A diocese is divided into parishes under a bishop. Head of parishes are pastors.

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14
Q

The beginning of Church History Pentecost

A

Birth of Church; Mary and Disciples are gathered in a room; Holy Spirit descended on them and tongues of fire above their heads and gives them courage; wind (the disciples personal experience with Christ)

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15
Q

The way

A

What Christianity was originally called- symbol of fish instead of cross and christ as shepherd

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16
Q

the good news pacifism Jerusalem Sanhedrin

A

Resurrection of Christ, Christ is the messiah, Christ is the one sent by God.

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17
Q

Peter

A

Peter represents the Church as institution since he was the rock upon which Christ was founded the church. He was martyred in Rome and that’s the reason why the geographic center of the church is in Rome today.

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18
Q

Gentiles

A

Non-Jewish (Church was made up of more Gentiles than jews)

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19
Q

Antioch of Syria

A

Where there was a significant Christian community and a good place to be.

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20
Q

Stephen

A

The first Martyr

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21
Q

The council of Jerusalem and its decision

A

They decided in order to be Christian you had to accept Christ and be baptized but you didn’t have to follow mosaic law (Jewish dietary and circumcision). Also a gathering to settle the first major controversy

22
Q

AD 70

A

Jews revolted, Roman laid siege to Jerusalem, slaughtered the Jews, the temple was destroyed. Went from a temple worship to a torah or document worship community.

23
Q

Paul’s journeys and key episodes

A

Paul represents the church as herald; he was a jew but roman citizen who had his conversion on his way to damascus; he was martyred in Rome with Peter under emperor Nero. He began to preach the gospel everywhere often upsetting people.

24
Q

Lydia

A

the first named European christian

25
Q

Oral tradition

A

The spread of the gospels were proclaimed by the people who witnessed it.

26
Q

The new Testament and its development

A

The writings of the gospels and stories of Jesus weren’t written immediately because everyone thought the world was going to end soon. The bible was official in AD 367

27
Q

Martydom

A

Christians were blamed for natural disasters like plagues and earthquakes, because these were seen as punishments from the gods for Christian failure to appease the deities and support the roman way of life. The courage and conviction of Christians won hearts. During these centuries the church thrived, people became inspired after hearing it was worth dying for. Christians stood out in their love for one another and their care for those living on the margins of life. The gentiles were open to the message of Jesus and this new way of life.

28
Q

Nero

A

Emperor Nero persecuted Saint Peter and Paul and killed many other christians.

29
Q

Justin Martyr

A

A philospher, an apologist, a teacher, he and his students were taken out by the Romans and beheaded.

30
Q

Ignatius of Antioch

A

Bishop, wrote a lot of letters, was eaten by lions

31
Q

Apostate

A

A person who renounces a religion or political belief, or principle.. A person who has renounced (take back) their beliefs - traitors and persecutions by Roman Empire caused this.

32
Q

Apologist

A

A person who offers an argument in defense of something controversial

33
Q

The Edict of Milan

A

Legalized Christianity, did not force everyone to become Christian.

34
Q

Theodosius

A

Emperor who declared Christianity the official religion of the empire in 380 and declared it the only religion allowed to be followed in 393

35
Q

Athanasius

A

Fought Valiantly against the Arian heresy. When the Arians made the suggestion that Jesus was inferior to God, Athanasius responded saying Jesus is to GOd what brightness is to light

36
Q

Augustine

A

A North (roman) African. Mother was Christian and father was pagan. Wild at the age of 16, was apart of a group called the wreckers. He remained with his mistress and son, but complained that his heart was still restless ; thus, his famous statement: “Our Hearts are restless, O Lord, until they rest in thee.” Wrote the first arguable autobiography in history, “the confessions”, in it describes how his readings of Paul transformed him. He Became the Bishop of hippo

37
Q

The city of God

A

(412-427) A book written by Augustine explaining there are two realms- 1) City of God: the faithful live in love and service of others and God. 2) City of Man: People pursue selfish interests and their own gratification. They are interwoven but the city of god will last forever, Augustine wrote this in response to the Pagans blaming the Christians (when they abandoned the old Gods for Christianity) for Alaric and the goths.

38
Q

Pope Leo I

A

Pope Leo I shaped the papacy into a powerful seat of leadership. He found himself a spiritual leader, statesman, administrator, and scholar. The word “Pope” is related to “Papa” meaning father. Pope Leo was the first to use the the title Pontifex Maximus–Supreme Bridge Builder between heaven and Earth, and the church and the world. When Attila the Hun considered invading Italy in 452, Leo traveled unarmed to meet with him and convinced him to leave Italy alone. Attila probably decided the incursion wouldn’t be valuable because since Italy had suffered a great famine the year earlier.

39
Q

The fall of Rome

A

There was a leadership crisis with worse emperors and rome couldn’t control the borders to the goths led by alaric stormed the place and the church had to step to fill the void.

40
Q

Council of Chalcedon

A

The heresy it addressed was arianism that Jesus has two natures. Pictures of Jesus holding two fingers represent the that he is fully divine and fully human.

41
Q

Heresy

A

Beliefs that are contrary to the rule of faith. Its creators and its members are espoused people who really believe in doctrines the church doesn’t approve of. They cause turmoil but lead to clarification of basic beliefs. Led to the creation of the nicene creed

42
Q

Gnosticism

A

Apostles creed was created to end gnosticism, gnosticism taught that all material things were evil, that jesus was fully divine (not human), and that one could only be saved through secret knowledge

43
Q

Arianism

A

Taught that Jesus was created by God, thus inferior to him, offending the trinity. This heresy was counted by Athanasius with the famous saying that Jesus is to God what brightness is to light. The council of Nicaea also countered this heresy

44
Q

Justinian

A

known for the Justinian code and was the head of the Byzantine empire in the East.

45
Q

The Industrial revolution

A

is one of the key events that led to the Vatican II council. The other contributing events are the other two world wars.

46
Q

Dignity

A

The state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect

47
Q

The common good

A

the benefits or interests of all parties being tended to

48
Q

Laity

A

The ordinary people of the church opposed to the experts (pope, bishops, cardinals, priests, deacons.)

49
Q

Liturgy

A

A form in which public religious worship, especially Christian worship takes place.

50
Q

Ecumenism

A

the principle or aim of promoting unity among the world’s Christian churches.

51
Q

Pope Gregory the great

A

Used produce and profits from Church-owned farms to feed the people and rebuild churches. had bishops open schools for young men to be trained as priests, which became the foundation of the seminary system we have today. Gregory had music organized into seasons and connected thematically into the various seasons and feasts throughout the liturgical year. Gregory ordered missionaries to press north to the lumbards and then to
the angles and saxons to convert them to the Faith with great success

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