Congestive Heart Failure

Question 1

True or false: CHF is the end point of serious heart disease?

Answer 1

True.

Question 2

What is meant by “congestion” in the heart, pulmonary circuit and systemic circulation in CHF?

Answer 2

“Pooling” of blood

Question 3

What is the etiology of CHF?

Answer 3

MI
Cardiomyopathy 
Excessive cardiac workload 
Valvular disease 
Hypervolemia
Uncontrolled HTN

Question 4

What are risk factors for CHF?

Answer 4

HTN 
Smoking 
Hyperlipidemia 
Diabetes mellitus
Ischemic heart disease 
Obesity 
Age

Question 5

What does congestion leads to in CHF? And why does it result?

Answer 5

It leads to edema as a result of an increased hydrostatic pressure in circulation

Question 6

What is the patho physiology of left sided heart failure?

Answer 6

LV does not eject sufficient volume - residual volume in LV - LA pumps harder to empty blood into LV - LA fails to fully empty - LA unable to receive full pulmonary return - pulmonary congestion and edema - RV workload increases - RV hypertrophys

Question 7

What is a manifestation of left sided heart failure?

Answer 7

Pulmonary congestion and edema
Frothy sputum (due to gas mixing with liquid)
Decreased cardiac output

Question 8

What are manifestations of right sided heart failure?

Answer 8

Peripheral edema

Abdominal organ distension

Question 9

What is the patho physiology of right sided heart failure?

Answer 9

The RV is unable to pump sufficient volume into pulmonary circulation - congestion in RV - RA unable to fully empty into RV and works hard to push blood into RV - systemic circulation does not empty properly into RA - congestion and edema occur in systemic circulation due to increased hydrostatic pressure

Question 10

True or false: CHF is a disease.

Answer 10

False.

It is a group of manifestations.