Surgical incisions Flashcards
where is a paramedian incision found?
2.5 - 4 cm lateral to the midline
avoids the linea alba
the fibres of rectus abdominis are split and reflected laterally to avoid denervation
where is a midline incision found
around the left edge of the umbilicus
rapid access through the almost avascular linea alba but very poor healing
where is a transverse incision found
above the umbilicus passing through the rectus muscles
what incision would you use for access to the ascending/ descending colon, duodenum and pancreas?
transverse
what is Kocher’s incision
a right subcostal incision
may be used in a complex cholecystectomy
what is the difference between a Gridirion and Lanz appendectomy
Gridirion- oblique (aka muscle splitting loin)
Lanz- transverse
Lanz is more common due to better cosmetic result
in what procedure would a Pfannenstiel incision be used
Caesarean section and hysterectomy
it is a transverse convex incision made 5cm above the pubic symphysis. May damage the bladder
no posterior rectus sheath
where might you find laprascopic incisions
anywhere but there is almost always a peri umbilical one and others pointing towards the target
where might a nephrectomy scar be found
at the side, oblique and above the iliac crest
where is a thoraco abdominal incision
passes obliquely from the thorax to abdomen
access to lower oesophagus and stomach
what is the advantage of a muscle splitting loin incision for appendectomy
the muscle fibres travel in the same direction which gives strong healing
describe the principle of skin flaps
remove a piece of abdominal wall skin while maintaining its blood supply
graft skin and close wound
