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Uworld > Deck 100: Incorrect > Flashcards

Deck 100: Incorrect Flashcards

1
Q

HPV strain for genital warts

A

6, 11

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2
Q

HPV strain for cervical, vaginal, vulvar and anal neoplasia

A

16,18

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3
Q

Genome for HPV

A

double-stranded, non-enveloped DNA

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4
Q

2 year old boy, easy bruising. skin extreme fragility. Hyper extensible skin, multiple ecchymoses over forearms and pretibial regions and an umbilical hernia?

A

Ehler-Danlos

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5
Q

what causes Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

A
  • deficiency in procollagen peptidase
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6
Q

Role of pro collagen peptidase

A

cleaves terminal pro peptides from pro collagen in the extracellular space

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7
Q

which amino acid is abundant in collagen

A

glycine

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8
Q

Heteroplasmy

A
  • presence of both normal and mutated mtDNA

- resulting in variable expression in mitochondrially inherited disease

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9
Q

Leber heredistory optic neuropathy leads to

A

bilateral vision loss

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10
Q

Variable expressivity is

A

difference in severity of autosomal dominant disorders

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11
Q

Defective prechordal mesoderm fusion resulting in midline defects ( holoprosencephaly, microphthalmia, cleft lip/palate, omphalocele) as well as polydactyly and cutis aplasia

A

Patau syndrome

trisomy 13

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12
Q

triad for congenital rubella

A
  • hearing loss
  • cataracts
  • cardiac defects
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13
Q

Ethanol inhibits what sugar process

A

gluconeogenesis

- cause hypoglycemia once hepatic glycogen stores are depleted

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14
Q

ethanol metabolism increases NADH/NAD+ ration in liver causing

A
  1. pyruvate to lacate
  2. oxaloacetate to malate
  3. dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol-3-phosphate ( hepatosteatosis )
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15
Q

Calcineruin activates what? then causes what

A

IL-2: promotes the growth and differentiation of T cells

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16
Q

Name immunosuppressants that inhibit Calcineurin activation

A
  • cyclosporine

- tacrolimus

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17
Q

bcl-2 problem is seen in what disease

A

follicular lymphoma

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18
Q

role of E-cadherin

A

epithelial cell adhesion

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19
Q

Wilson disease can cause damage to what structures in the brain

A
  • cystic degeneration of putamen and basal ganglia structures
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20
Q

amygdala plays a role in what system

A

limbic system

fear and some sympathetic stimulation

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21
Q

Direct factor Xa inhibitors change times how

A
  • increase prothrombin and aPTT time

- no impact on thrombin

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22
Q

unfractionated heparin and direct thrombin inhibitors do what to time

A

prolong thrombin time

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23
Q

Most of the potassium filtered by the glomeruli is reabsorbed where

A
  1. proximal tubule

2. loop of Henle

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24
Q

how does constriction of efferent arterioles in kidney impact GFR, RPF and FF

A
  • increase GFR
  • Decrease RPF
  • increase FF
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25
Q

equation for FF

A

GFR/RPF

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26
Q

What is projection?

A

immature defense mechanism involving misattribution of one’s acceptable feelings or thoughts to another person who does not actually have them

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27
Q

reaction formation

A

do the opposite of what you actually do

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28
Q

Tumor associated with past arsenic or polyvinyl chloride or thorotrast. CD 31 cell marker

A

liver angiosarcoma

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29
Q

prolonged exposure to loud noises causes hearing loss due to damage of what

A

stereo ciliated hair cells of the organ of corti

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30
Q

E. coli strain that causes neonatal meningitis has what virulence factor

A

K1 capsular antigen

31
Q

Elderly patient with fever, hypotension, altered mental status and e. coli bacteremia has septic shock most likely due to

A

urinary tract infection

32
Q

Indirect inguinal hernia is covered by what

A

all 3 spermatic fascia

33
Q

direct inguinal hernia is covered by what

A

external spermatic fascia

34
Q

Direct hernias go through

A

external superficial inguinal ring

35
Q

indirect hernias go through

A

internal deep inguinal rink
external superficial inguinal ring
into scrotum

36
Q

MOA of Flutamide

A

non-steroid anti-androgen

- competitive inhibitor of testosterone receptors

37
Q

Flutamide is usually combined with what

A

Leuprolide

38
Q

Name an Armotase inhibitor

A

Anastrozole

39
Q

New-onset odynophagia is the setting of chronic gastroesophageal reflex disease usually indicates the presence of what

A

erosive esophagitis and formation of an ulcer

40
Q

Odynophagia

A

pain with swallowing

41
Q

Most likely cause of hypo chromic microcytic anemia

A

iron deficiency

42
Q

what she be check in a child bearing age women and a post menopausal age women who has hypo chromic microcytic anemia

A

child bearing: iron deficiency

postmenopausal: blood loss

43
Q

Vitamin K-depend coagulation factors are

A

II, VII, IX, X

44
Q

which vitamin K dependent coagulation factor has the shortest half life

A

7

45
Q

Good medication choice for febrile seizure

A

antipyretics

46
Q

Name 2 antipyretic drugs

A

Acetaminophen

Ibuprofen

47
Q

MOA of antipyretic

A

decrease levels of prostaglandin E2 in hypothalamus

48
Q

how does trigeminal neuralgia present

A

brief episodes of sudden and severe “electric shock-lile” or “stabbing” pain in the distribution of CN V

49
Q

drug of choice for trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamazepine

50
Q

what is maintained normal during exercise

A
  • arterial blood gas levels

- arterial pH near resting values

51
Q

mechanism of resistance for vancomycin

A

substitution of D-lactate in place of D-alanine

52
Q

role of supraspinatus

A
  • abducts arm

- beer can test

53
Q

role of infraspinatus

A

laterally rotates arm (external rotation) `

54
Q

Role of trees minor

A

adduction and external rotation

55
Q

Subscapularis

A

adduction and internal rotation

56
Q

class IB antiarrhythmics bind to what channels

A

inactivated sodium channels

57
Q

drug of choice in acute management of ventricular arrhythmias during MI

A

Amiodarone then lidocaine

58
Q

Flat, greasy, pigmented squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin-filled cysts

A

Seborrheic keratosis

59
Q

characterize Lichen planus

A
  • polygonal
  • planar
  • pruritic
  • purplish
60
Q

Xanthelasma

A

yellowish macule, papule or plaque found on eyelid

- associated with hyperlipidemia

61
Q

Most common type of thyroid cancer

A

papillary thyroid cancer

62
Q

fine-needle for papillary thyroid

A
  • large cells with nuclei containing finely dispersed chromatin with a ground-glass appearance ( orphan Annie eye)
  • intranuclear inclusions and grooves
63
Q

Name 3 things that use Thiamine as cofactor

A
  1. pyruvate dehydrogenase
  2. alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogense
  3. transketolase
64
Q

what can be used for treatment of bradycardia

A

atropine

65
Q

common side effects of atropine for eye

A

increase intraocular pressure

- acute closed-angle glaucoma

66
Q

integrins

A

transmembrane protein receptors that interact with extracellular matrix by binding to specific proteins ( collagen, fibronectin and laminin)

67
Q

neurological complication of herpes zoster

A

localized dermatomal pain that persist for several months following zoster eruption

68
Q

MOA for Rituximab

A

monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen

69
Q

MOA for Infliximab

A

chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody to TNF alpha

70
Q

IL-2 is used to treat what cancers

A

renal and melanoma

71
Q

MOA for Imatinib

A

inhibitor of BCR/ABL protein kinase

72
Q

Abciximab MOA

A

antibody against platelet GP IIb/IIIa

73
Q

clinical presentation for kawasaki

A

CRASH and burn

  • conjuctival injection
  • rash
  • adenopathy ( cervical)
  • strawberry tongue
  • hand-foot changes
  • fever
74
Q

complication of Kawasaki

A
  • coronary artery aneurysms

Uworld (63 decks)

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