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8/5 Flashcards

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1
Q

crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur over left second intercostal space and widened splitting S2

A

pulmonic stenosis-often asymptomatic until adulthood

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2
Q

risk factors for sigmoid volvulus

A

redundancy

dysmotility

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3
Q

skin thing with IBD

A

erythema nodosum (painful nodules usually on the shins)

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4
Q

what causes zenkers diverticulum

A

diminished relaxation of the criocopharyngeus causes increased intraluminal pressure.

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5
Q

why treat asymptomatic bacteria in pregnancy

A

it increases risk of pyelonephritis

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6
Q

why get a biophysical profile

A

to assess for utter-placental insufficiency

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7
Q

clinical presentation of abrupt placentae

A

sudden onset vaginal bleeding
abdominal and back pain
high frequency low intensity contractions
rigid, tender uterus

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8
Q

chest imaging for paraesophageal hilt hernia shows

A

retrocardiac air fluid level

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9
Q

post op illness tx

A

bowel rest and serial examinations

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10
Q

tx for sigmoid colon volvulus

A

therapeutic flexible sigmoidoscopy

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11
Q

how does arm look with anterior shoulder dislocation

A

abduction external rotation

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12
Q

how does arm look with posterior shoulder dislocation

A

adduction/ internal rotation

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13
Q

what causes SBO in crohns patients

A

fibrotic stricture

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14
Q

what type of acid base disturbance happens when pancreases or small intestine is losing fluid

A

Non ion gap metabolic acidosis- the fluid has a blot of bicarb and your losing all those bicarbs

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15
Q

what happens to length of mitral valve prolapse murmur with squatting

A

shortens

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16
Q

what does valsalva do

A

⬇️ venous return

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17
Q

what murmurs get louder with valsalva

A

HCM

MVP

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18
Q

What other maneuver besides valsalva makes

MVP and HCM louder

A

standing

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19
Q

3 changes squatting does to change cardiac murmurs

A

⬆️ venous return
⬆️ afterload
⬆️regurg fraction

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20
Q

3 changes handgrip does to change cardiac murmurs

A

⬆️ venous return
⬆️ blood pressure
⬆️regurg fraction
similar to squat besides middle one

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21
Q

murmurs that get louder with squatting and handgrip

A

AR
MR
VSD

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22
Q

what BP meds cause peripheral edema

A

dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers

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23
Q

most common cardiac thing SLE flare up

24
Q

what EKG is relatively specific for digitalis tox

Study These Flashcards
A

Atrial tachycardia with AV block

this is due to increased ectopy and increased vagal tone

25
what nerve can be damaged on anterior dislocation of the shoulder and how would this manifest
axillary, weak shoulder abduction, also can cause sensory loss of lateral shoulder
26
imaging for possible pancreatic cancer w jaundice
abdominal US
27
imaging for possible pancreatic cancer w/o jaundice
CT
28
who can't get LMWH
ESRD
29
what are people with porcelain gallbladder at increased risk for
gallbladder adenenocarcinoma, consider removing before this
30
vasa previa PPROM 33 weeks next step
emergency c section
31
what is pseudocyesis
non prego women thinks she is prego and has sx, patient is not psychotic
32
severe menopause tx if no contraindications to birth control and has uterus
Estrogen and progesterone
33
severe menopause tx if no contraindications to birth control and has NO uterus
estrogen only
34
contra indications to estrogen
``` Breast cancer CAD Endometrial cancer liver disease thromboembolism ```
35
severe menopause but can't have estrogen, what's the tx
SSRI
36
RF osteoporosis
advanced age, postmenopausal, low body weight. excessive OH intake, sedentary lifestyle and smoking,
37
biggest risk factor for fragility fracture in person with osteoperosis
previous fragility fracture
38
how does chronic pancreatitis affect fecal elastase
⬇️
39
TX for PBC
ursodeoxycholic acid
40
how to dx PSC
MRCP
41
mononuclear infiltrates of the lamina propria and thickened college band dx
microscopic colitis
42
what does cerebellar gait look like
staggering wide based
43
what isassociated cerebellar gait
cerebellar degeneration stroke drug/alcohol into vit B12 deficiency
44
what does gait apraxia look like
magnetic/freezing. start and turn hesitation
45
what causes gait apraxia
frontal lobe degeneration | normal pressure hydrocephalus
46
parson gait looks like
short steps, shuffling
47
what does step gate look like
FOOTDROP obvi, excessive hip and knee flexion while walking, slapping quality
48
what causes foot drop
motor neuropathy probs the common peroneal nerve up at the old L5
49
what does a vestibular gait look like
unsteady falling to one side, caused by the ear problems
50
what med for sure with Bell's palsy
prednisone, acyclovir and valacyclovir are just maybes 🤷‍♂️
51
REM sleep disorder is correlated with increase risk of
parkinsons
52
bright lights cause eyes to shut dx
focal dystonia | or blepharospasm
53
moat common kidney stone type
calcium oxalate
54
besides wet, wobbly, and wacky what else does normal pressure hydrocephalus often have
UMN signs
55
meds for urge incontinence
antimuscurinic like oxybutinin
56
what is a Failure mode effects analysis
systematic team based approach that identifies steps in a process and finds solutions to problems that may arise

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