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Anatomic Pathology 2 > Joint reaction to injury > Flashcards

Joint reaction to injury Flashcards

1
Q

What is inflammation of a joint called?

A

arthritis

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2
Q

Where does exudate come from in arthritis?

A

the synovium

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3
Q

What happens to synovial fluid in arthritis and what does it cause?

A

it breaks down and causes a decrease in boundary lubrication causing it to be very watery

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4
Q

What does synovial villous hypertrophy and hyperplasia cause?

A

proliferation of synoviocytes and chondrification of villi

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5
Q

What is chondrification of villi?

A

when villi form in the joint space

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6
Q

Why is chondrification of villi bad?

A

because they can break up and float around in the joint

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7
Q

How does fibrosis to the joint capsule affect the joint?

A

it can cause it to become less flexible and moveable

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8
Q

What is pannus?

A

the growth of fibrovascular tissue over articular cartilage

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9
Q

What can pannus progress to?

A

fibrous ankyloses

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10
Q

What is pannus a hallmark of?

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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11
Q

What is chondromalacia?

A

the softening of the cartilage

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12
Q

What specifically happens to cartilage to animals with chondromalacia?

A

there is thinning and fibrilation of the cartilage due to matrix loss (broken down by matrix metalloproteinases), and there is an increase in wear and tear due to loss of lubrication

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13
Q

What are chondrocyte clusters and when do they occur?

A

chondrocyte hyperplasia when there is ineffective repair

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14
Q

When does chondrocyte necrosis happen?

A

when there is injury at articular cartilage from inflammation

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of chondrocyte necrosis?

A

ischemia of the AE complex that causes the failure of endochondrial ossification leading to osteochondrosis dessicans

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16
Q

What is the best mechanism the body has for fixing joint damage?

A

replacement with fibrocartilage

17
Q

What is another name for subchondral bone hyperostosis?

A

eburnation

18
Q

What is subchondral bone hyperostosis?

A

increased focal compression on the subchondral plate

19
Q

What can cause subchondral bone hyperostosis?

A

loss of cartilage or abnormal joint loading

20
Q

What is periarticular osteophyte formation?

A

focal hyperostosis at attachment points of the joint capsule (edge of articular surface)

21
Q

Why does periarticular osteophyte formation happen?

A

abnormal joint loading and instability

22
Q

What is commonly associated with periarticular osteophyte formation?

A

bony ankyloses

23
Q

What neoplasias, although not common, can cause joint injury?

A

synovial cell carcinoma and histocytic sarcoma

24
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

fibrinopurulent arthritis

25
Q

What is this?

A

purulent exudate

26
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

fibrinopurulent arthritis with osteomyelitis

27
Q

What is this?

A

fibrin

28
Q

What are these?

A

vascular canals

29
Q

What is this?

A

bacterial film associated with fibrinopurulent and necrotizing arthritis and osteomyelitis due to bacterial infection

30
Q

What is happening here?

A

loss of cartilage

31
Q

What are these?

A

villus synovial hyperplasia

32
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

chronic osteoarthritis

33
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

cartilage ulceration with subchondral bone sclerosis

34
Q

What are these?

A

osteophytes

35
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

chronic osteoarthritis with periarticular osteophytosis

36
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

osteochondrosis

37
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

canine hip dysplasia

38
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

metaphyseal osteopathy

39
Q

What lesion is shown here?

A

craniomandibular osteopathy

Anatomic Pathology 2 (48 decks)

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