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Anatomic Pathology 2 > Species Specific Neural Diseases > Flashcards

Species Specific Neural Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What diseases are associated with the canine nervous system?

A

hydrocephalus, granulomatous meningencephalitis, neosporosis, toxoplasmosis, encephalitozoonosis, canine distemper, rabies, pseudorabies, primary brain neoplasms, ischemic myelopathy

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2
Q

What are the causes for hydrocephalus in canines?

A

congenital or commonly incidental

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3
Q

What is granulomatous meningoencephalitis characterized as?

A

marked infiltrate of of LC, PC, and macrophages around vessels and in the neuropil (especially in the white matter)

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4
Q

What is neosporosis in dogs caused by?

A

Neospora caninum

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5
Q

What does neosporosis cause?

A

necrotizing purulent to pyogranulomatous to lymphocytic inflammation

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6
Q

What lesions do toxoplasmosis cause?

A

lesions similar to neosporosis

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7
Q

What is encephalitozoonosis caused by?

A

encephalitozoon caniculi

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8
Q

Where do organisms in encephalitozoonosis colonize?

A

in the endothelium

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9
Q

What organs does encephalitozoonosis cause lesions in?

A

the brain and the kidney

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10
Q

What specific lesion does encephalitozoonosis cause?

A

lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis

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11
Q

What type of disease is canine distemper?

A

multisystemic disease

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12
Q

What does canine distemper cause?

A

lymphocytic encephalitis

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13
Q

In chronic disease, what lesion does canine distemper cause?

A

demyelination

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14
Q

What lesion does rabies cause in dogs?

A

lymphocytic encephalitis, neuronal degeneration and necrosis; glial nodules

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15
Q

What is ischemic myelopathy secondary to in dogs?

A

intervertebral disk disease or IV disk cartilage emboli

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16
Q

What CNS diseases do cats get?

A

feline infectious peritonitis, cryptococcosis, cerebellar hypoplasia, feline ischemic encephalopathy, meningioma, and purulent otiris media/interna/meningitis

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17
Q

What is feline infectious peritonitis caused by?

A

FIP coronavirus

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18
Q

What lesions does feline infectious peritonitis cause?

A

lymphoplasmacytic to pyogranulomatous meningoencephalitis, myelitis, and ventriculitis

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19
Q

What causes cryptococcosis in cats?

A

C. neoformans

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20
Q

What lesions are associated with cryptococcosis?

A

cavities in the brain filled with clear gelatenous material (yeasts, capsule, macrophages)

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21
Q

What is cerbellar hypoplasia secondary to?

A

feline parvovirus infection during cerebellar development

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22
Q

What lesions are associated with cerebellar hypoplasia?

A

small cerebellum; few, disorganized purkinje neurons

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23
Q

What lesion is feline ischemic encephalopathy caused by?

A

focal ischemic necrosis of the cerebrum

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24
Q

What is feline ischemic encephalopothy associated with?

A

aberrant migration of cuterebra sp. Larva

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25
Q

What is purulent otitis media/interna/meningitis caused by?

A

a bacterial infection

26
Q

What are some diseases of the equine CNS?

A

cervical spinal canal stenosis, protozoal myelitis, leukoencephalomalacia, verminous encephalitis, rabies, arboviral encephalomyelitis, equine herpesvirus 1, equine lower motor neuron disease, equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy, and granulomatous polyneuritis

27
Q

What is verminous encephalitis caused by?

A

halicephalobus gingivalis infection

28
Q

What lesion is associated with verminous encephalitis?

A

granulomatous encephalitis and nephritis

29
Q

What causes rabies in horses?

A

rhabdovirus

30
Q

What lesions are associated with rabies in horses?

A

lymphocytic encephalomyelitis, neuronal degeneration, glial nodules, negri bodies

31
Q

What lesion is associated with arboviral encephalomyelitis?

A

lymphocytic encephalomyelitis

32
Q

What lesions are associated with equine herpesvirus 1?

A

vasculitis, hemorrhage, and necrosis

33
Q

What lesions are associated with the bovine CNS system?

A

polioencephalomalacia, listeriosis, TEME, fibrinopurulent meningitis, bovine virus diarrhea, rabies, bovine spongiform encephalopathy

34
Q

What is polioencephalomalacia caused by in cattle?

A

thiamine deficiency, excessive dietary sulver and pb toxicosis

35
Q

What lesions does polioencephalomalacia cause in cattle?

A

laminar cortical necrosis, dorsal cerebral cortex

36
Q

What is listeriosis in cattle caused by?

A

listeria monocytogenes

37
Q

What lesions are associated with listeriosis?

A

microabscesses in the medulla and the brainstem

38
Q

What causes TEME?

A

histophilus somni

39
Q

What lesions are associated with TEME?

A

acute ultifocal necrohemorrhagic and purulent vaculitis and meningoencephalitis

40
Q

What is fibrinopurulent meningitis caused by?

A

neonatal coliform bacterial infection

41
Q

What lesions does bovine diarrhea virus cause?

A

congenital CNS and ocular anomalies, hydranencephaly, hydrocephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, microphthalmia

42
Q

What lesion does bovine spongiform encephalopathy cause?

A

neuronal vacuolation at the obex

43
Q

What are diseases that affect the ovine nervous system?

A

fibrinopurulent meningitis, listeriosis, scrapie, polioencephalomalacia, amd enterotoxemia

44
Q

What causes fibrinopurulent meningitis in the ovine?

A

neonatal bacteria infection by P. multocida and M haemolytica

45
Q

What breed is susceptible to scrapie?

A

Suffolk

46
Q

What lesions are associated with scrapie?

A

neuronal vacuolation at the obex and PrPsc also accumulates in the retina

47
Q

What causes enterotoxemia in ovine?

A

an epsilon toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type D

48
Q

What lesion is associated with enterotoxemia?

A

bilateral symmetrical encephalomalacia caused by damage to vessels in the mesencephalon

49
Q

What are some diseases of the porcine nervous system?

A

fibrinopurulent meningitis, edema disease, pseudorabies, and water deprivation/sodium ion toxicosis

50
Q

What population of swine does fibrinopurulent meningitis occur in?

A

feeder pigs

51
Q

What bacteria cause fibrinopurulent meningitis?

A

Streptococcus suis, Haemophilus parasuis, A. suis

52
Q

What causes edema disease in pigs?

A

shiga toxin released by toxigenic E. coli

53
Q

What lesion does edema disease cause

A

fibrinoid necrosis in the vessels in the brain

54
Q

What is pseudorabies in swine caused by?

A

procine herpesvirus

55
Q

What lesions does pseudorabies cause?

A

lymphocytic and necrotizing encephalitis in neonates

56
Q

When do lesions develop from water deprivationsodium ion toxicosis in swine?

A

when swine are reintroduced to water

57
Q

What lesions are associated with water deprivation/sodium ion toxicosis?

A

eosinophilic meningoencephalitis and laminar cortical necrosis

58
Q

What does cervical spinal stenosis in equine cause?

A

axonal degeneration in white matter tracts due to degenerative myelopathy

59
Q

What is Protozoal myelitis in horses due to?

A

sarcocystis neurona

60
Q

What lesions are associated with protozoal myelitis?

A

necrohemorrhagic and lymphoplasmacytic myelitis

61
Q

What is leukoencephalomalacia in horses caused by?

A

moldy corn poisoning - fumonisin B1 a mycotoxin from Fusarim moniliforme fungi

62
Q

What lesions are associated with leukoencephalomalacia in horses?

A

massive necrosis of white matter

Anatomic Pathology 2 (48 decks)

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