9.2 SG Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is simple diffusion?
The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the need for energy.
What is facilitated diffusion?
The process of transporting molecules across a cell membrane via protein channels without energy.
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane.
What does hypertonic mean?
A solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
What does hypotonic mean?
A solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution.
What does isotonic mean?
A solution with equal concentrations of solutes compared to another solution.
What is active transport?
The movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.
What is endocytosis?
The process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in a membrane.
What is exocytosis?
The process by which cells expel materials by vesicles fusing with the membrane.
What are the properties and structure of phospholipids?
Phospholipids are composed of a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails, forming bilayers in cell membranes.
Why is the surface area: volume ratio important?
It affects the efficiency of transport and communication within cells.
Does active transport go down or against the concentration gradient?
Against the concentration gradient.
What type of particles does facilitated diffusion typically move?
Large or polar molecules.
What is required for active transport?
Energy.
Predict which way solutes will diffuse across a membrane in a hypertonic solution.
Solutes will diffuse out of the cell.
Predict which way water will diffuse across a membrane via osmosis in a hypotonic solution.
Water will diffuse into the cell.
