A&P Lab Practical 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Ocular lens
A
eyepiece / magnifies the image 10X
2
Q
Objective lens
A
further magnifies the image
3
Q
Nosepiece
A
holds the objectives and can be turned to change objectives
4
Q
Arm
A
supports the body tube
5
Q
Light source
A
provides light for viewing the image
6
Q
Stage
A
supports a slide. A mechanical stage is movable.
7
Q
Mechanical stage knobs
A
allow the movement of the mechanical stage.
8
Q
Slide holder
A
secures the slide in position for viewing
9
Q
Iris diaphragm
A
lever located under the stage. Controls the amount of light that is allowed through the object being viewed.
10
Q
Coarse focus knob
A
moves the body tube up and down in large increments to allow gross positionin and focusing.
11
Q
Fine focus knob
A
moves the body slightly to bring the image into sharp focus
12
Q
Base
A
supports the microscope
13
Q
Magnification
A
of times larger than itself an object appears to be. Image may not be clear.
14
Q
Resolution
A
ability to distinguish two objects as separate entities.
15
Q
Fine & Coarse focus knobs are responsible for allowing the _____ of a specimen.
A
resolution
16
Q
The ocular and objective lenses are responsible for the ______ of a specimen.
A
magnification
17
Q
What is the magnification of the Ocular Lens?
A
10X
18
Q
What is magnification of the following objective lenses?
- Scanning
- Low Power
- High Power (dry)
A
- Scanning——–4X
- Low Power —–10X
- High Power (dry-40X
19
Q
Because you use both the ocular and objective lens, the specimen is magnified twice.
Calculate the Total Magnification when the Objective lens is the following:
Low Power.
A
Ocular lens x Objective lens = Total Magnification
Low Power. 10X x 10X = 100X
20
Q
Because you use both the ocular and objective lens, the specimen is magnified twice.
Calculate the Total Magnification when the Objective lens is the following:
High Power (dry).
A
Ocular lens x Objective lens = Total Magnification
High Power (dry). 10X x 40X = 400X
21
Q
Because you use both the ocular and objective lens, the specimen is magnified twice.
Calculate the Total Magnification when the Objective lens is the following:
Scanning.
A
Ocular lens x Objective lens = Total Magnification
Scanning. 10X x 4X = 40X
22
Q
What is the calculation for total magnification?
A
Total magnification = Magnifcation of Ocular lens x Magnification of Objective lens
23
Q
Working distance
A
the distance from the objective lens to the specimen being observed
24
Q
The benefit of ____ power lenses is that they _____ the images and allow you to see more _____.
The drawback is that the ____ power lens you use, the ___ the area of the specimen you see.
This is because the ___ power lenses have smaller ________.
A
high / enlarge / detail
higher / smaller
high / openings (apertures)
25
Working distance ______ considerably when you move from ____ to ___ power.
decreases
low
high
26
Field of view
the circular view seen in the eyepiece
27
# Using the Microscope Procedure.
Use the ___________ to raise the stage towards the _________ as far as possible.
Watch from the ____ to make sure the _____ does not touch the slide.
coarse focus knob / scanning (4x) objective lens
side / objective lens
28
# Using the Microscope Procedure.
Adjust the light by manipulating the ____ and ______ until the hole (\_\_\_\_\_\_) provides the best light for observation.
light source / diaphragm / aperture
29
Never use the ______ focus knob when the low power or high dry power objective lens is in place.
coarse
30
# Explain.
Parfocal
Parfocal means little refocusing is required when moving from one lens to another.
31
# Using the Microscope Procedure.
After you use scanning lens to center and focus on a specimen, and then switch to the **low power lens**.
The specimen should still be ________ because the microscope is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
in focus
parfocal
32
# True or False.
To fully appreciate the details of a specimen you should constantly be changing the depth of focus with the fine adjustment knob.
True
33
# Using the Microscope Procedure.
The \_\_\_\_\_ depth perceived when looking through a microscope is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_.
It is _____ to see all parts of all specimens clearly at any one focal plane.
3-D / depth of field
impossible
34
35
ID the ocular, fine and coarse adjustment knobs.
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
Adipose tissue
48
Compact Bone
49
Hyaline cartilage
50
Simple Columnar Epithelium
51
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
52
# Identify the major function.
Cell membrane
1. Physical barrier between intracellular and extracellular environment.
2. Regulates exchange of nutrients, waste, etc.
3. Monitors changes in the surroundings.
4. Structural support by connecting with other cells.
53
# Identify the major function.
Nucleus
1. Stores and processes genetic information.
2. Assembles ribosomes.
54
# Identify the cellular component.
The outer, non rigid boundary of the cytoplasm.
Cell membrane
55
# Identify the cellular component.
The lightly stained portion of the cell, outside the nucleus.
Cytoplasm
56
# Identify the cellular component.
A spherical, stained body located in the central portion of the cell.
Nucleus
57
# Identify the cellular component.
A tiny, darker-stained body within the nucleus.
Nucleolus
58
Histology lab procedure. Indicate the objective magnification you used to make the drawing.
Simple Columnar Epithelia
40X
59
Histology lab procedure. You used the 40X objective to draw and label the following tissue slides:
1. Simple Columnar Epithelia
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
40X--Highest power objective
1. Simple Columnar Epithelia
2. Hyaline Cartilage
3. Cardiac Muscle Tissue
4. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
5. Nervous Tissue
60
Histology lab procedure. You used the 10X objective to draw and label the following tissue slides:
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
10X--Low power objective
1. Adipose
2. Stratified squamous epithelia
3. Compact Bone
61
Histology lab procedure. Draw and label the following:
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
a. Striations
b. Nuclei
c. Cell
62
Histology lab procedure. Draw and label the following tissue slide:
Stratified squamous epithelia
63
Histology lab procedure. Draw and label the following tissue slide:
Hyaline Cartilage
64
Histology lab procedure. Draw the following tissue slide:
Adipose tissue
65
Histology lab procedure. Draw and label the following tissue slide:
Stratified Squamous Epithelia
66
Histology lab procedure. Draw and label the following tissue slide:
Simple Squamous Epithelia
67
Histology lab procedure. Draw and label the following tissue slide:
Cardiac muscle
b. Nuclei
e. intercalated disc
68
Histology lab procedure. Draw and label the following tissue slide:
Neural tissue
* i. Nerve Cell body j. Glial cells
* k. Dendrites l. Nucleus m. Axon
69
Histology lab procedure. Draw the following tissue slide:
Bone
70
Integumentary lab.
On the model, identify major layers of the skin.
71
Identify sublayers of the skin.
72
Which tissue slide contained multiple tissue types and had a stained glass appearance?
Hyaline Cartilage
73
74
List the 5 layers of the Epidermis.
1. Stratum basale
2. Stratum spinosum
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum lucidum
5. Stratum corneum
75
Label the 5 layers of the Epidermis.
76
Which of these make up the Dermis layer?
Dermis
* papillary layer
* reticular layer
77
Label the accesory structures of the skin.
78
Identify the blood vessels on the skin model.
79
List the 4 types of membranes.
1. Mucous membranes
2. Serous membranes
3. Cutaneous membrane
4. Synovial membranes
80
Membranes are combination of _____ and _______ tissues.
epithelial
connective
81
Which membrane lines the digestive and respiratory tracts?
Mucous membrane
82
Which membrane type lines the peritoneal, pleural and pericardial cavities?
Serous membrane
83
Serous membranes have _______ and ____ layers.
parietal
visceral
84
Parietal membrane lines the _______ of the cavity.
Visceral membrane lines the _______ of the cavity.
inner
outer
85
The outer surface of the body is covered by the _____ membrane.
cutaneous
86
The synovial membrane can be found lining the ______ cavities.
joint
87
The integumentary system is composed of the \_\_\_\_( the integument) and its accessory structures.
Skin has two layers, the ________ & \_\_\_\_\_\_.
Fill in the blank and list the accessory structures.
skin
epidermis, dermis
hair, glands, nails
88
# True or false
The skin is not the largest organ in the body.
False
89
# True or false
The hypodermis (subcatenous tissue) is not part of the integument.
True
90
What does the hypodermis do?
It is a layer of tissue that connects the skin to the underlying tissues.
91
A splinter penetrates to the third layer of the epidermis of the palm.
In which layer does it lodge?
stratum granulosum
92
Dandruff is caused by excessive shedding of cells from the outer layers of the skin of scalp.
Thus, dandruff is composed of cells from which epidermal layer?
stratum corneum
93
Skin has many functions. List functions that are related to regulation.
* Maintenance of body temperature
* Excretion of water, salts, and several organic compounds
* synthesis of vitamin D
94
Skin has many functions. List functions that are related to protection.
Protect soft tissue from abrasion, microorganisms, dehydration, UV radiation.
95
Skin has many functions.
List functions that are related to detecting changes in the external environment..
Reception of stimuli for touch, pressure, pain and temperature change sensations.
96
Name the two types of sudoriferous glands.
apocrine sweat glands
merocrine (eccrine) sweat glands
97
Label: parts 1 , 2 , 3
1. Parietal bone
2. Frontal bone
3. Zygomatic bone
98
Label: parts 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
1. Frontal bone
2. Nasal bone
3. Maxilla
4. Zygomatic bone
99
Label: parts 4 , 5 , 6 , 7
* 4. Nasal bone
* 5. Maxilla
* 6. Mandible
* 7. Lacrimal bone
100
Label: parts 5 , 6 , 7
* 5. Temporal bone
* 6. Mastoid process of the temporal bone
* 7. Parietal bone
101
Label: parts A, B, C & 1, 2, 3
* 1. Coronal Suture
* 2. Squamosal Suture
* 3. Lambdoid Suture
* A. Mastoid process of temporal bone
* B. External auditory meatus
* C. Body of Mandible
102
Label: parts A, B, C, D, E
* A. Foramen magnum
* B. Occipital bone
* C. Body of Mandible
* D. Vomer
* E. Zygomatic bone
103
Label: Occipital condyles
104
Label: 1 through 5
1. Coronal suture
2. Squamosal suture
3. Lambdoid suture
4. Ethmoid bone
5. Lacrimal bone
105
Name the bone & label its structures
106
Name the bone & label its structures
107
Name the bone & label its structures
* A Frontal bone
* B Crista galli of ethmoid bone
* C Cribiform plate of ethmoid bone
* D Sella turcica of sphenoid bone
* E Sphenoid bone
108
Name the structures for A, B, C
* A sagittal suture
* B Parietal bone
* C Frontal bone
109
Name the structures for D, E, F
* D Lacrimal bone
* E Nasal bone
* F Vomer
110
Name the structures for G, H
* G Maxilla
* H Mandible
111
The highlighted bone is the \_\_\_\_\_.
sphenoid bone
112
How many bones make up the orbit of the eye?
Seven
113
List the bones that make up the orbit of the eye.
1. Nasal
2. Maxilla
3. Lacrimal
4. Ethmoid
5. Frontal
6. Sphenoid
7. Zygomatic bone
114
Use a Mnemonic Sentence to recall the 7 bones of the eye orbit.
Never Make Lucy Eat Frozen Spinach, Zach
1. Nasal
2. Maxilla
3. Lacrimal
4. Ethmoid
5. Frontal
6. Sphenoid
7. Zygomatic bone
115
Hyoid
116
117
Cervical vertebra
118
Thoracic Vertebra
119
Lumbar vertebra
120
Posterior view of the sacrum and coccyx
121
Label a, b, c
Sternum aka breastbone
a. manubrium
b. body of sternum (or gladiolus)
c. xiphoid process
122
Which label is in the wrong place?
Manubrium
123
The red arrows are pointing to what?
Lamellae
124
The purple arrow is pointing to what?
Canaliculi
125
Which is the functional unit of compact bone?
A. Osteon
126
Which one is the blood vessel?
C.
127
Which one points to small channels that connect lacunae to blood vessels?
B. Canaliculi
128
Add missing labels.
129
What are lacunae? Where are they found?
Lacunae- small pockets containing osteocytes (bone cells)
Found in the compact bone.
130
A. SPINE
B. CORACOID PROCESS
C. ACROMION
D. GLENOID FOSSA
131
Identify this bone.
Clavicle
132
133
134
135
a. phalanges
b. metacarpals
c. carpals
136
Label A, B, C
A. Ilium
B. Ischium
C. Pubis
137
Label D, E
D. Acetabulum
E. Obturator foramen
138
139
140
141
142
Label all major structures.
143
Patella
