A2

Question 1

Stereotype threat

Answer 1

A decrease in performance due to a negative stereotype

Question 2

Which knowledge increases with time?

Answer 2

Crystallized - factual

Question 3

Which knowledge decreases with time?

Answer 3

Fluid - abstract

Question 4

Memory that declines with age

Answer 4

• Free recall
• Episodic
• Processing speed of information
• Divided attention

Question 5

Memory that improves with age

Answer 5

• Semantic memory

Question 6

Memory that remains constant with age

Answer 6

• Imiplicit memory
• Information recognition

Question 7

Memory consolidation

Answer 7

The process where newly formed, fragile memories are transformed into more stable, long-lasting forms

Question 8

Long term potentiation

Answer 8

A persistent strengthening of synapses, the connections between neurons, due to recent patterns of activity

Question 9

Encoding

Answer 9

The process of converting incoming information into a form that the brain can store and utilize for later recall

Question 10

Retrieval

Answer 10

The process of accessing information that has been stored in memory

Question 11

Stereotype

Answer 11

The process by which people draw inferences about others based on the category to which others belong

Question 12

Discrimination

Answer 12

Is positive or negative BEHAVIOR toward another person based on their group membership

Question 13

Attribution

Answer 13

Is an inference about the cause of someone’s behavior

Question 14

Correspondance bias

Answer 14

Is the tendency to make dispositional attributions when we should make a situational attribution

Question 15

Yerkes-Dodson function

Answer 15

Performance will improve due to arousal

Question 16

Eysenck’s theory

Answer 16

Introversion, extraversion, neuroticism, stability, and psychoticism

Question 17

Big 5 personality traits

Answer 17

OCEAN

Question 18

George Herbert Mead

Answer 18

Symbolic interactionism: social self (me, I, self)

Question 19

Albert Bandura

Answer 19

Emphasizes that learning occurs through observation, imitation, and modeling, rather than solely through direct experience or reinforcement (family and media)

Question 20

Heritability

Answer 20

High genetic variation and similar environment

Question 21

Confirmation bias

Answer 21

The tendency to seek out and prefer information that supports our preexisting beliefs

Question 22

Belief perserverance

Answer 22

A psychological phenomenon where individuals continue to hold onto their beliefs, even when presented with strong evidence that contradicts them

Question 23

Availability heuristic

Answer 23

A cognitive bias where people make decisions based on readily available information rather than a comprehensive analysis (based on frequency or availability)

Question 24

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 24

Is a person’s tendency to attribute another’s actions to their character or personality or internal circumstances rather than external factors such as the environment while attributing their own behavior to external factors

Question 25

Actor-observer bias

Answer 25

Attribute problems to situational factors over dispositional

Question 26

Self-serving bias

Answer 26

People tend to attribute positive outcomes to internal factors (like their own hard work) and negative outcomes to external factors (like bad luck or someone else's fault).

Question 27

Biological predisposition

Answer 27

Food -> nausea not electrical shock

Question 28

Other questions incorrect were related to:

Answer 28

1. Interpreting results 2. Figures 3. Methodology