Acne and Rosacea Flashcards
(25 cards)
bacterium associated with acne
proprionibacterium acnes
hormones that increase the basal keratinocyte proliferation in the pilosebaceous unit (acne)
androgens and corticotrophin releasing hormones
comodones are…
black and white heads which block secretions –> papules, nodules, cysts and scars
most with acne have increased androgens - TRUE/FALSE
FALSE - however the sebaceous glands are more sensitive to androgens particularly in puberty
mild acne can be described as…
mainly facial comedones
mild acne can be treated with…(3)
topical - benzyl peroxide, retinoids, antibiotics (doxycyline)
How long can acne treatment take to be effective?
8 weeks
moderate acne can be described as…
inflammatory lesions dominate (papules and pustules) affecting the face +/- the torso
treatment for moderate acne (3)
topical antibiotic combined with benzoyl peroxide, topical retinoid, oral antibiotic with topical benzoyl peroxide for 6 months (doxycycline or tetracycline, erythromycin if pregnant)
Severe acne can be described as…
nodules, cysts, scars and inflammatory papules and pustules and should be referred
treatment for severe acne
isotretinoin - hospital only prescribing
treatments for acne which should be avoided in pregnancy
isotretinoin and some antibiotics
side effects of isotretinoin
initial flare up for 2-3 weeks, skin and mucosal dryness, depression
success rate of isotretinoin
~65% have permanent clear up
mechanism of action of isotretinoin
decreased sebum production and pituitary hormones
rosacea can be described as…
a chronic relapsing and remitting disorder of blood vessels and pilosebaceous units in the central facial areas typically in fair skinned people
areas commonly affected by rosacea
nose, chin, cheeks, forehead
groups commonly affected by rosacea
30-60years, males and females
rosacea has papules, pustules, erythema and comedones - TRUE/FALSE
FALSE - rosacea has papules, pustules and erythema but NO comedones
pre-rosacea features include…(3)
flushing caused by stress, alcohol and spices
signs of rosacea (4)
central facial rash with erythema, inflammatory nodules and facial lymphoedema, blepharitis and conjunctivitis, rhinophyma in men
what is rhinophyma?
swelling and soft tissue overgrowth of the nose
Things to avoid in the treatment of rosacea (2)
avoid exacerbating factors, avoid topical steroids
treatment for rosacea
topical metronidazole, ivermectin (to reduce demodex mite), oral tetracyclines long term
