Acronyms (organism types, diuretic toxicities, gynecomastasia, early cyanosis heart, Immune def., X-linked rec.) Flashcards
(20 cards)
Most important encapsulated organisms
SHIN
Streptococus pneumoniae
Heamophilus Influenza type b
Neisseria gonorrhea
(we have vaccines against all three of these)
long term deprivation of affection results in?
5W’s:
Weak (decreased muscle tone) Wordless (poor language skills) Wanting (poor socialization skills) Wary (lack of basic trust) Weight loss (also failure to thrive)
Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretic) toxicity?
“ACID” azolamide causes ACIDosis
hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
Furosemide (inhibits Na+/K+/2cl+ cotransporter) toxicity?
OH DANG!
Ototoxicity Hypokalemia Dehydration Allergy (sulfa) Nephritis (interstitial) Gout
Hydrochlorothiazide (inhibits NaCl reabsorption) toxicity?
A hyper GLUC
hypokalmeic metabolic Acidosis hyperGlycemia hyperLipidemia hyperUricemia hyperCalcemia
drugs that cause gynecomastia?
Some Drugs Cause Awesome Knockers
Spironolactone Digitalis Cimetidine Alcohol Ketoconazole
early cyanosis heart diseases (right to left shunts)?
The 5 T’s
Truncus arteriosus (1 vessel) (failure trunks arteriosus to divide into pulmonary trunk and aorta)
Transposition of the great vessels (2 vessels switched)
Tricuspid Atresia (3=tri) (absence of tricuspid valve)
Tetralogy of fallot (4=tetra) (pulmonary infidibular stenosis, RVH, ovveriding aorta, VSD)
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) (5 letters) (pulmonary veins drain into right hear circulation)
problems in tetralogy of fallot?
PROVe by squatting–(squatting improves cyanosis by increasing SVR, decreasing right to left shunt)
Pulmonary infidibular stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overiding Aorta
Ventricular Septal defect
X-Linked (Bruton) agammaglobinemia defect and who gets it?
B’s
defect in Btk, a tyrosine kinase gene–>no B cell maturation
higher incidence in Boys
B cell immune deficiency disorders
ABC’s
selective IgA deficiency
Bruton agammaglobinemia
Common variable immunodeficiency
T-cell disorders
T-CELL
Thymic aplasia
chronic mucocutaneous Candidiasis
autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndrome (job syndrome)
interLeukin-12 receptor deficiency
Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (job Syndrome) signs and symptoms?
FATED
coarse Facies staph Abcesses retain primary Teeth (two rows of teeth) increased IgE Dermatologic problems
WIskott-Aldrich syndrome
WATER
Wiscott Aldrich Thrombocytopenic purpura Eczema Recurrent infection
B and T cell immune deficiencies?
WASH away the B and T calls
Wiskott-aldrich
Ataxia-telangiectasia
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
Hyper-IgM syndrome
what are the obligate anaerobes
Anaerobes Can’t Breath Air
Clostridium
Bacteroides
Actinomyces
X-linked recessive disorders?
Oblivious Female Will Give Her Boys Her X-Linked Disorders
Ocular albinism
Fabry disease (lysosomal storage disease, alpha galactosidase deficiency)
Wiskott-aldrich (defect WAS gene–> )– T-cell actin)
G6PD deficiency
Hunter Syndrome (lysosomal storage disease–> Iduronate Sulfate deficiency)
Bruton agammaglobinemia (defect BTK gene tyrosin kinase-> )– B cells)
Hemophilia A and B (defective Intrinsic pathway–> A= factor 8 def. B=factor 9 def.)
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (defective purine salvage d/t absent HGPRT–> converts hypoxanthine to IMP and Guanine to GMP)
Duchenne (and Becker) muscular dystrophy (frameshift–> truncated dystrophin–> accelerated muscle breakdown)
Autosomal dominant Disorders
MOCHA STAND
M. (Marfans & MEN) O. (Osler-Weber-Rendu) C. (Cholesterolemia) H. (Huntington & von-Hippel-lindau) A. (ADPKD & Achondroplasia) S. (Spherocytosis) T. (Tuberous Sclerosis) A. (Adenosis polyposis) N. (NF 1 and 2) D. (myotonic Dystrophies)
how do you remember how to stain and grow legionella pneumophila
think of a French Legionnaire with his SILVER (silver stain) helmet, sitting around a CAMPFIRE (charcoal yeast extract) with his IRON (agar supplemented with iron) dagger –he is no SISSY (agar supplemented with cysteine)
what are the causes of maculopapular rash on the palms and soles
you drive KAWASAKI CARS with your hands and feet
Kawasaki disease
Coxsackie A
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Secondary Syphillis
how do we remember x-linked agammaglobinemia
remember the B’s
Bruton agammaglobinemia
defect in BTK–> no B cells
increased incidence incidence in Boys (x-linked)
recurrent Bacterial infections
