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HOSA: Human G&D > Adolescence > Flashcards

Adolescence Flashcards

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1
Q

describe puberty

A

2 years of rapid growth between 11-14 yrs marked by development of secondary sex traits

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2
Q

when does puberty end

A

first menarche/sperm production

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3
Q

what are major changes of puberty

A
  • rapid physical growth
  • changes in body proportions
  • development of primary & secondary sex traits
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4
Q

list adolescent frustrations

A
  • wish for independence
  • appearance concerns
  • seek peer acceptance while bothered by same peers
  • struggle w/increased school work & responsibility
  • fluctuate adult behavior & child impulses
  • maintaining demanding schedule while needing more rest
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5
Q

define ADOLESCENCE

A

transitional period beginning w/sexual maturity & ends w/cessation of growth & movement toward emotional maturity

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6
Q

major characteristics of adolescence

A
  • introspection
  • experimentation & learning
  • testing of values & beliefs
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7
Q

how much height and weight gain do boys go through during puberty

A

4-12”; 15-65 lbs

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8
Q

how much height & weight gain do girls go through during puberty

A

2-8”; 15-55 lbs

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9
Q

what body part grows first during puberty

A

feet

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10
Q

define ADENOHYPOPHYSIS

A

anterior lobe of pituitary that secretes hormones for gonads

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11
Q

what do boys 11-12 yrs go through during puberty

A
  • growth of testes, scrotum, & penis
  • pubic hair
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12
Q

what do boys 12-13 yrs go through during puberty

A

rapid growth spurt

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13
Q

what do boys 13-15 yrs go through during puberty

A
  • underarm, body, & facial hair
  • growth spurt
  • ejaculation
  • deepening of voice
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14
Q

what do girls 10-11 yrs go through during puberty

A
  • rapid growth spurt
  • breast development
  • pubic hair
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15
Q

what do girls 11-14 yr go through during puberty

A

1st menarche & growth spurt

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16
Q

what do girls 12-13 yrs go through during puberty

A

underarm hair

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17
Q

why do girls’ hips widen & round during puberty

A

redistribution of fat

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18
Q

when do growth for girls stop?

A

16-17 yrs

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19
Q

when do growth for boys stop?

A

18-20 yrs

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20
Q

when do teenagers get 2nd molars

A

13 yrs

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21
Q

when people receive their wisdom teeth

A

14-25 yrs

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22
Q

list healthy vital signs of adolescents

A
  • 60-90 bpm
  • 120/80 mmHg
  • 16-24 respiration
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23
Q

how do other bodily systems change during adolescence

A
  • lung weight & volume increases
  • stomach & intestines increase in size & capacity
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24
Q

male teenage bodily concerns

A
  • penis size
  • embarrassing/morning erections
  • wet dreams
  • voice changes
  • sweating & acne
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25
female teenage bodily concerns
- breasts not symmetrical - menstruation & menstrual discomfort - pregnancy - hygiene - sweating & acne
26
define BACTERIAL STIs
caused by bacteria & can be cured w/early detection & treatment
27
define VIRAL STIs
caused by virus & incurable
28
describe CHLAMYDIA
bacterial STI that can either by asymptomatic or not & spread to other pelvic organs; can lead to PID causing infertility
29
s/s: chlamydia
- yellowish vaginal discharge - painful/difficult urination - spotting between menses/after sex
30
s/s: trichomoniasis
- thin, frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge - vaginal itching - tenderness & redness - painful urination & sex
31
what causes trichomoniasis
parasite
32
what causes herpes genitalis
virus
33
s/s: herpes genitalis
- genital warts - pain & itching - swollen glands - vaginal discharge
34
describe gonorrhea
bacterial STI that can be asymptomatic or not
35
s/s: gonorrhea
- purulent yellow-green vaginal discharge - painful urination/sex
36
describe syphilies + s/s
bacterial STI that can lead to serious mental disorders & death; characterized by ulcers on genitals, lips, & anus
37
describe HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)
virus that causes AIDS & spread via bodily fluids
38
s/s: HIV
- lethargy - flu-like symptoms - weight loss - skin lesions - fungal infections
39
describe HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV)
viral STI that is generally asymptomatic or characterized w/warts; can cause cancer of penis, cervix, anus, & throat
40
what is the mortality rate for teen pregnancy & why
x2 mortality; mom & baby competing for nutrients
41
describe the emotional/social characteristics of 13-14 yr olds
- negative & hostile - self centric leading to intolerance - compromise is difficult - experimentation - humor based on negativity
42
describe the emotional/social characteristics of 15-16 yr olds
- less self absorbed than 13-14 yrs & better @ compromising - more tolerant of other perspectives - experiment & test boundaries - develop specific skill sets - curious & independent - date
43
describe the emotional/social characteristics of 17-19 yr olds
- idealistic - increase stress leading to outbursts & discord - influenced by social groups - focus on economic independence - form close relationships w/grandparents
44
define PERSONAL FABLE
thinking pattern related to cognitive function where person distorts & inflates opinion of themselves & their importance leading to belief of invicibility
45
define IMAGINARY AUDIENCE
belief everyone is watching
46
what are highlights of moral & cognitive development in adolescents
- question everything - develop sense of duty & fight against injustices - develop spiritual awareness - personal fable & imaginary audience
47
how many calories should adolescent girls eat in a day
2600
48
how many calories should adolescent boys eat in a day
3600
49
how much of an adolescent's diet should be protein
12-16%
50
describe ANOREXIA NERVOSA
complex emotional disorder of willful starvation generally beginning in 9-12 yr olds; more common in girls but increasing in boys; causes a large amount of deaths
51
s/s: of anorexia nervosa
- hair loss - fatigue - weakness - hypotension - bradycardia - stopping of menses
52
describe BULIMIA NERVOSA
series of binge eating & purges; linked to depression & low self esteem
53
what vaccines should 14-16 yr olds get
- DTaP booster - HPV - meningococcal - flu
54
s/s: anemia
- weakness - fatigue - excessive menses
55
how much sleep should adolescents get per night
9-10 hrs
56
why are teens more prone to depression
greater time for self-reflection
57
s/s: depression
- crying spells - insomnia - eating disorders - social isolation/withdrawal - acting out - hopelessness - unexplained physical symptoms - loss of interest in appearance - giving away of possessions
58
which gender is more affected by suicide
men
59
list reasons for suicide
- depression - low self-esteem - poor impulse control - substance abuse - emotional isolation - grief over loss/love affair - failure in school - inability to meet expectations - influence of suicidal friends
60
list factors that increase risk for suicide
- family history of suicide - major loss/disappointment - previous attempts - recent suicide of friends/family/role models - impulsiveness of adolescence
61
s/s: suicide
- sudden changes in appetite/sleep - withdrawal/depression/moodiness - excessive fatigue/agitation - neglect of personal hygiene - alcohol/drug abuse - lost interest in hobbies/aspects of life - self harm - preoccupation of eath - giving away of possessions
62
define PHYSICAL DEPENDENCY when regarding substance abuse
rely on drug to function
63
define PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCY when regarding substance abuse
rely on drug for feeling created
64
s/s: substance abuse
- altered sleep patterns/drowsiness/sleepiness/lethargy/hyperactivity - mood swings - changes in appetite - marked irritability - loss of interest in friends/school/activities - secretiveness - loss of property/money - impaired judgment - change in hygiene/appearance
65
list effects of chewing tobacco/snuff
- cracked lips - oral bleeding - ulcers - erosion of tooth enamel - increase risk of oral cancer
66
list effects of nicotine
- lung disease - respiratory cancers - emphysema - strokes - complications of throat, teeth, & tongue
67
give examples of opiods
Oxycodone (oxycontin), Hydrocodone (vicodin), Heroin
68
what drug is used to reverse respiratory distress in OD victims
Naloxone (Narcan)
69
define BINGE DRINKING
+5 drinks for men & +4 drinks for women in a row within 2 hrs
70
list the steps of the decision-making process
1. decide what decision needed 2. think through all possible alternatives 3. evaluate each alternative 4. select alternative 5. act 6. evaluate effectiveness of alternative
71
what is FCCLA Planning
process for making goals; stands for Family, Career, & Community Leaders of America
72
what are the steps of FCCLA Planning
1. identify concerns 2. set goal 3. form plan 4. act 5. follow up
73
what are the 3 stages of dating
1. group dating 2. casual/random dating 3. steady dating
74
describe GROUP DATING
attend activities as part of a group, putting less pressure on the individual allowing them to develop a friendship
75
describe CASUAL/RANDOM DATING
explore comfort level & preferred traits
76
describe STEADY DATING
couple is exclusive & committed

HOSA: Human G&D (15 decks)

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