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HOSA: Human G&D > Cultural Considerations > Flashcards

Cultural Considerations Flashcards

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1
Q

holistic

A

approach considerin all physical aspects & psychological, social, cognitive, & environmental influences

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2
Q

social factors influencing diet

A

attitude, economic & price structure, knowledge, skills, social support, societal & cultural factors, food & agricultural policy, food assistance programs, tobacco/drug use

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3
Q

culture

A

social group giving meaning to individuals’ life serving as anchor for traditions/beliefs & influence values & idenitity; also values, beliefs, ideas, customs, & characteristics passed on within group

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4
Q

is culture uniform for all members?

A

no, but foundation for behavior

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5
Q

4 characteristics of culture

A

learned, shared, social in nature (integrated/patterned), dynamic & constantly changing (adaptive) , & symbolic

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6
Q

subculture

A

culture within dominant cultural group w/common values, beliefs, & interests (ex: oncology nurses within whole nursing dept)

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7
Q

enculturation

A

learning culture from observing & instruction

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8
Q

what does the culture characteristic social in nature (integrated/patterned) mean

A

culture is based on economics, politics, social patterns, work ethic, & individualism

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9
Q

what are the 4 ways culture can be adaptive/dynamic

A

diffusion, acculturation, technological innovation, globalizatino

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10
Q

maladaptive culture

A

culture fails to change to meet challenges or too rapid of changes causing extinction

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11
Q

diffusion

A

spread of cultural traits from another culture

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12
Q

acculturation

A

values & beliefs exchanged from interactions w/other cultures, assuming some characteristics of dominant culture

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13
Q

technological innovation

A

technology solves societal problems leading to creation of cultural change

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14
Q

globalization

A

change through diffusion, acculturation, migration, & tourism (ex: social media)

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15
Q

examples of the culture characteristic symbolism

A

language, gestures, art, music

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16
Q

beliefs

A

truths held by culture’s people that affect views on social problems, thinking, organization; and behavior about health, illness, care, & death

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17
Q

values

A

characteristics that determine ethicality (culture values give direction for stability & security)

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18
Q

Norms

A

socially accepted rules & practices that guide behavior to determine role in group

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19
Q

3 parts of norms

A

folkways, laws, & mores

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20
Q

Folkways

A

customs determine greeting

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21
Q

Laws

A

written government policies

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22
Q

Mores

A

moral beliefs of culture; failure to follow causes ostracism

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23
Q

Race

A

classification by shared physical/biological traits that increases social construct & has little relationship w/biology; different cultures can share traits

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24
Q

Prejudice

A

learned behavior of a strong feeling/belief without reviewing facts/info often because of fear of things that are different

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25
ethnicity
classification based on national origin/culture
26
what do ethnicity groups share?
language, common heritage, geographic location, social customs, & beliefs
27
cultural competence
conscious process of ongoing & continuous self-evaluation of culture knowledge & skills to reduce disparities & improve outcomes & satisfaction
28
cultural senstivitity
recognize diversity & respect uniqueness by using correct language & avoiding offending
29
cultural sensitivity
29
cultural awareness
seek understanding of culture, race, & ethnicity
30
religion
specific system of belief or worship in a 1 dimension of spirtuality
31
spirituality
how individuals find purpose/meaning in life & connect w/nature/supreme being; outcome brings inner peace & well-being
32
spiritual needs
beliefs & practices of individual
33
multiculturalism
idea to maintain & value cultural identities, addressing differences in race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, life experiences, values, & socioeconomic status
34
ethnicity
identity w/particular racial/national/cultural group & support of associated customs, beliefs, & languages
35
bias
preference that inhibits impartial judgment
36
ethnocentric
people who believe that their culture is better than others causing them to antagonize & alienate other cultures
37
personal space
cultures are close contact or distant contact
38
aka: personal space
territorial space
39
time orientation
manner person responded to passage of time; 3 types (past, present, & future)
40
describe past-oriented time orientation
- value tradition - do it the way it's always been done - hesitant to try new procedures
41
describe present-oriented time orientation
- seek instant gratification - doesn't worry about how behavior will affect future - may neglect preventative health measures - ignores past/future if no implication in life
42
describe future-oriented time orientation
- long term goals - try to anticipate to prevent future problems - willing to take risk to achieve goals - more likely to do preventative care
43
transcultural health care
care based on cultural beliefs, emotional needs, spiritual feelings, & physical needs; recognizes alternative methods, emotional response to care, healing ability of mind, & spirituality; can describe holistic care
44
health concepts associated w/South Africans
- maintain harmony of body, mind, & spirit - harmony w/nature - prevent illness w/diet, rest, & hygiene
45
health concepts associated with Asians
- physical & spiritual harmony w/nature - balance of yin & yang
46
South African belief of cause of illness
- supernatural - conflict/disharmony in life
47
Methods of treatment associated w/South Africans
- restore harmony thru prayer/meditation - herbs, roots, poultices, oils, rituals, charms, talismans, amulets - diet & hygiene
48
Asian belief cause of illness
- imbalance of yin & yang - supernatural forces - unhealthy environment
49
methods of treatments associated w/asians
- cold/hot remedies - herbal, acupuncture, acupressure - energy restore balance of yin & yang - tai chi & meditation
50
health concepts associated w/Europeans
- maintain w/diet, rest, & exercise - vaccines & preventative practices - good health = personal responsibility
51
European belief of cause of illness
- germs, pollutants, contaminants - punishment for sins - lack of cleanliness - self abuse
52
european methods of treatment
- medications & surgery - drugs & exercise - home remedies & self care - prayer & rituals - alternative treatments
53
health concepts associated w/hispanics
- reward from God - health is good luck - balance between hot & cold forces
54
hispanic belief cause of illness
- punishment from God for sins - imbalance between hot & cold - susto, mal ojo, or envida (fright, evil eye, or envy)
55
hispanic methods of treatment
- hot & cold remedies restore balance - prayers, medals. candles, rituals, herbal remedies, massage - anointing w/oil - wearing of axabache to ward off the evil eye - amulets
56
health concepts associated w/middle eastern
- caused by spiritual forces - good health is a great blessing - cleanliness essential - males make decisions
57
middle eastern belief cause of illness
- spiritual forces - punishment for sins - evil spirits/evil eye
58
middle eastern methods of treatment
- meditation & prayers - charms & amulets w/verses of Koran - meds, surgery, cupping, cautery - herbal remedies - prefer males don't touch/examine females
59
health concepts associated w/native americans
- harmony between man & nature - balance of body, mind, & spirit - spiritual powers control body harmony
60
native american belief cause of illness
- supernatural forces & evil spirits - violation of taboo - imbalance of man & nature
61
native americans' method of treatment
- rituals, charms, & masks - prayer & meditation - plants, herbs, medicine bag - sweat lodges/total immersion in water

HOSA: Human G&D (15 decks)

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