Airway Obstruction

Question 1

Is COPD on the rise? or decline?

Answer 1

ON THE RISE! 4th leading cause of bad stuff in adults

Question 2

What percentage of Australian children are affected by asthma?

Answer 2

12-15%

Question 3

What’s the most common cause of death from cancer?

Answer 3

Lung cancer.

Question 4

If breathlessness seems appropriate is excepted as what?

Answer 4

sensation

Question 5

If breathlessness appears inappropriate what is it perceived as?

Answer 5

Symptom

Question 6

What increases the longitudinal and lateral dimensions of the thorax?

Answer 6

Contraction of the diaphragm

Question 7

How much oxygen usage does the normal work of breathing use at rest?

Answer 7

3%

Question 8

If you have severe airway obstruction how much oxygen usage can the work of breathing use?

Answer 8

up to 40%

Question 9

What happens to expiration in airway obstruction?

Answer 9

becomes active rather than passive

Question 10

name three important consequences to airway obstruction

Answer 10

1. recruitment of accessory muscles
2. increased O2 consumption
3. respiratory muscle fatigue

Question 11

When are you considered to be in ventilatory failure? PaO2 is? PaCO2 is?

Answer 11

Pa02 < 60mmHg

PaCO2 >50 mmHg

Question 12

What do you do when someone is in respiratory failure?

Answer 12

Mechanical ventilation

Question 13

What is pulses paradoxus?

Answer 13

a fall of systolic blood pressure of more than 10 mg of mercury

Question 14

T/F intra-alveolar pressure is less than pressure Patm during inspiration?

Answer 14

True

Question 15

T/F? P ATM during expiration is greater than intra-alveolar pressure

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is Patm at the end of inspiration and expiration

Answer 16

Patm = IA pressure

Question 17

Why is intra pleural pressure always < intraalveolar pressure?

Answer 17

Cause of elastic recoil of lungs and chest wall.

Question 18

What’s a normal FEV1?

Answer 18

80% of your Functional Vital Capacity

Question 19

What value is FEV1 considered pathological?

Answer 19

<70% of FVC

Question 20

Exercise is limited by heart rate or ventilatory capacity?

Answer 20

Heart rate

Question 21

How much ventilatory capacity left over even at maximum exercise in normals?

Answer 21

30%

Question 22

Does gas trapping do to TLC, RV?

Answer 22

elevates both

Question 23

T/F? gas trapped air can be exhaled but not inhaled?

Answer 23

False. can be inspired but not exhaled

Question 24

What are some diseases that cause nonuniform airflow instruction?

Answer 24

Asthma bronchiolitis and COPD

Question 25

what’s The compensatory mechanism of the lung when there are under ventilated areas?

Answer 25

vaso constricts to cut losses and try to match perfusion and ventilation

Question 26

will a Shunt respond to supplemental oxygen?

Answer 26

Nope!

Question 27

Will decrease PaO2 due to low V/Q respond to supplemental oxygen?

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

High V/Q is wasted what?

Answer 28

ventilation

Question 29

Low V/Q is?

Answer 29

wasted perfusion

Question 30

A-a gradient measures what?

Answer 30

efficiency of gas exchange

Question 31

What’s a normal A-a gradient value?

Answer 31

5-10 mmHg