Anterior and Lateral Leg Compartment Session 33

Question 1

where is the leg

Answer 1

between the knee and ankle joint

Question 2

what is the fascia like in the leg?

Answer 2

deep fascia surround the leg like a sleeve

Question 3

what does the intermuscular septa extend from and what does it do

Answer 3

extends from deep fascia

separates leg into anterior, lateral and posterior compartments

Question 4

name the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment

Answer 4

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus

Question 5

what is the innervation and arterial supply of the anterior compartment

Answer 5

deep peroneal nerve (deep because it penetrates from the posterior of leg)
anterior tibial artery

Question 6

what is the origin of all the anterior compartment muscles

Answer 6

tibia, fibula and interosseus membrane

Question 7

what is the path, insertion and action of tibialis anterior

Answer 7

path from origin: crosses anterior aspect of ankle medially

inserts: onto medial cuneiform
action: dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Question 8

what is the path, insertion and actions (3) of extensor hallucis longus

Answer 8

path from origin: tendon crosses anterior aspect of ankle

insertion: distal phalanx of big toe
action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle, inverts foot and extends big toe

Question 9

what is the path, insertion and action of extensor digitorum longus
how many tendons does it give rise to

Answer 9

path from origin: 4 tendons cross anterior aspect of ankle
insertion: distal phalanges of toes 2-5
action: dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint and extends to 2-5
4 tendons

Question 10

where is the dorsalis pedis pulse, what artery is it and what is the artery a continuation of

Answer 10

between tendons of extensor digitorum longus and hallucis longus
dorsalis pedis artery
anterior tibial artery

Question 11

what 2 muscles r in the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 11

peroneus longus and brevis

Question 12

what is the innervation and arterial supply of the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 12

superficial peroneal nerve

peroneal artery

Question 13

what is the origin and action of peroneaus longus and brevis

Answer 13

attachment: fibula
action: evert foot at subtalar joint

Question 14

what is the relationship between peroneus longus and brevis

Answer 14

longus to more superficial than brevis

Question 15

what is the insertion of peroneus longus

Answer 15

plantar surface of medial cuneiform bone

Question 16

what is the insertion of peroneus brevis

Answer 16

base of 5th metatarsal

Question 17

what is the path of the tendons of the peroneus longus and brevis

Answer 17

travel posterior to the lateral malleolus

Question 18

what r the two end branches of the common peroneal nerve

Answer 18

deep and superficial

Question 19

what do the superficial and deep peroneal nerves innervate

Answer 19

deep: anterior muscles of leg
superficial: lateral muscles of leg

Question 20

what is the path of the common peroneal nerve

Answer 20

crosses across the posterior aspect of head of fibula
then lies lateral to the neck of the fibula
goes under peroneus long where it splits

Question 21

what does the popliteal artery split into and where

Answer 21

popliteal fossa

anterior and posterior tibial artery

Question 22

what r the three different bone groups in the foot

Answer 22

phalanges, metatarsals, tarsals

Question 23

how many tarsals r there and name them

Answer 23

7

talus, calcaneus, navicular, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid

Question 24

what is the mnemonic to remember the tarsals

Answer 24

trolls cant name multiple important lakes correctly

Question 25

what r the metatarsals in between and how many r there

Answer 25

tarsals and phalanges | 5

Question 26

how many phalanges r there in the toes and what r they called)

Answer 26

toes 2-5: 3 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal) | toe 1: 2 phalanges (proximal, distal)

Question 27

what r the three regions of the foot

Answer 27

forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot

Question 28

what is the forefoot

Answer 28

metatarsals and phalanges

Question 29

what is the midfoot

Answer 29

cuneiforms and cuboid and navicular

Question 30

what is the hindfoot

Answer 30

talus and calcaneus

Question 31

where r metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints located

Answer 31

between metatarsals and proximal phalanges | in between phalanges

Question 32

what r the 4 movements of the foot and at what joint r they located (be able to demonstrate them)

Answer 32

dorsiflexion, plantarflexion- ankle joint | inversion, eversion- subtalar joint

Question 33

what r the four movements of the toes

Answer 33

flexion extension adduction abduction

Question 34

what r the arches of the foot raised by (2) and what forms the arches

Answer 34

longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot | arrangement of bones of the foot

Question 35

what is the purpose of the arches of the foot

Answer 35

shock absorption

Question 36

what r the two bones of the leg and which is medial and lateral

Answer 36

tibia and fibula | fibula is lateral, tibia is medial

Question 37

what is the ankle joint formed by (3)

Answer 37

tibia, fibula, talus

Question 38

what part of the tibia and fibula contribute to the ankle joint

Answer 38

``` tibia= medial malleolus fibula= lateral malleolus ```

Question 39

what is the subtalar joint formed by (3)

Answer 39

talus and calcaneus and navicular

Question 40

what is the knee joint formed by (3)

Answer 40

patella, femur and tibia

Question 41

what part of the tibia forms the knee joint

Answer 41

lateral and medial tibial plateaus

Question 42

what lies betwen the tibial plateus

Answer 42

intercondylar tubercles

Question 43

what r the two main superficial veins that drain the foot

Answer 43

great and small saphenous vein

Question 44

what is the path of the great saphenous vein and where does it terminate

Answer 44

travels anterior to medial malleolus and up the medial aspect of the leg terminates at femoral vein in femoral triangle

Question 45

what is the path of the small saphenous vein and where does it terminate

Answer 45

travels posterior to the lateral malleolus and up posterior aspect of leg terminates at popliteal vein in popliteal fossa

Question 46

what is the dorsal surface of the foot

Answer 46

top of the foot

Question 47

what is the small muscle in the dorsum of the feet called

Answer 47

extensor digitorum brevis

Question 48

tendons of extensor digitorum brevis (how many and where to) and what is it innervated by

Answer 48

4 tendons to toes 2-5 | innervated by deep peroneal nerve

Question 49

what is the arterial supply of the anterior leg and what is this a branch of

Answer 49

anterior tibial artery, popliteal artery

Question 50

what is the arterial supply of the lateral leg and what is this a branch of

Answer 50

fibular arteries, posterior tibial artery