Inguinal Canal and Male External Genitalia Session 24

Question 1

how is the inguinal canal related to the inguinal ligament

Answer 1

superior and parallel to the ligament

Question 2

how long is the inguinal canal in the adult

Answer 2

5cm

Question 3

what is at the beginning and end of the inguinal canal

Answer 3

deep and superficial inguinal ring

Question 4

what is the deep inguinal ring

Answer 4

aperture in transversalis fascia

Question 5

what is the superficial inguinal ring

Answer 5

aperture in external oblique aponeurosis

Question 6

what r the 4 borders of the inguinal canal: anterior, posterior, roof and floor

Answer 6

anterior: external oblique aponeurosis
posterior: transversalis fascia
roof: transversalis facia and fibres of internal oblique and transversalis abdominis
floor: inguinal ligament

Question 7

what r the structures in the female inguinal canal (3)

Answer 7

round ligament of uterus
ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

Question 8

what r the male contents of the inguinal canal contained within

Answer 8

spermatic cord

Question 9

what r the general contents of the spermatic cord (3334)

Answer 9

3 nerves
3 arteries
3 fascial layers
4 others

Question 10

what r the nerves in the male inguinal canal (3) and which of these are in the spermatic cord

Answer 10

ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of genitofemoral
sympathetic nerve fibres (this one)

Question 11

what r the arteries in the spermatic cord (3)

Answer 11

testicular
cremasteric
artery to vas deferens

Question 12

what r the fascial layers of the spermatic cord (3) and where r they from

Answer 12

external spermatic fascia (external oblique apon)
cremasteric muscle and fascia (IO)
internal spermatic fascia (Transversalis fascia)

Question 13

what r the 4 other structures in the spermatic cord

Answer 13

pampiniform plexus
lymphatics
vas deferens
processes veginalis

Question 14

where is the processes vaginalis from and what does it connect

Answer 14

derived from peritoneum

connects peritoneal sac around testes to peritoneal sac in the abdomen

Question 15

what is an indirect hernia

Answer 15

intra abdominal contents forced through deep inguinal ring and into inguinal canal

Question 16

what is a direct hernia

Answer 16

intra-abdominal contents r forced through the posterior wall of inguinal canal into the superficial ring

Question 17

which is more superior superficial or deep ring?

Answer 17

deep

Question 18

what r the layers of the testes and appearance

Answer 18

same layers as spermatic cord (external spermatic, cremasteric, internal spermatic) and outer tunica vaginalis which is a white outer covering

Question 19

what is the function of the testes (2)

Answer 19

produce spermatids and secretes testosterone

Question 20

where is the tunica vaginalis derived from

Answer 20

peritoneum

Question 21

what is in each half of the scrotum? (3)

Answer 21

testes, epididymus and lower part of spermatic cord

Question 22

what is the septum between the two halves of the scrotum formed by

Answer 22

superficial fascia forms a septum in between halves

Question 23

name the layers of the scrotum from outer to inner and their characteristic (2)

Answer 23

skin: thin wrinkled and darkly pigmented
thin layer superficial fascia
dartos muscle- thin involuntary muscle

Question 24

what is the function of the epididymis, how long does this take

Answer 24

stores spermatids to mature into spermatazoa

64 days

Question 25

what is the structure of the epididymis

Answer 25

superiorly has an expanded head body tail at lower pole of testes connects to vas deferens

Question 26

where is the epididymis in relation to testes

Answer 26

lies on posterior border of testes

Question 27

function of vas deferens

Answer 27

carried sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct ampulla

Question 28

how does the vas deferens terminate

Answer 28

by becoming the ejaculatory duct

Question 29

path of vas deferens from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

Answer 29

starts at tail of epididymis and runs with testicular vessels in spermatic cord enters deep inguinal ring passes to side wall of pelvis turns medially onto back of bladder where it has an ampulla next to seminal vesicles

Question 30

what does the testicular artery supply and what is it a branch of

Answer 30

epididymis and testes | branch of abdominal aorta

Question 31

what is the arterial supply of the scrotum

Answer 31

anterior and posterior scrotal arteries

Question 32

what is the blood supply to the vas deferens a branch of

Answer 32

superior vesical artery

Question 33

what structures does the pampiniform venous plexus drain from

Answer 33

testes and epididymis

Question 34

what vein does the pampiniform plexus drain into and how

Answer 34

coalesces to form the testicular vein

Question 35

how does gonadal vein drain on the right and left into the IVC

Answer 35

left- into renal first then IVC | right- straight into IVC

Question 36

function of penis

Answer 36

male organ of sexual intercourse

Question 37

what r the basic components of the penis (hint: 3)

Answer 37

3 cylinders of erectile tissue

Question 38

what r the erectile tissues of the penis and their location in the penis (3)

Answer 38

2 corpora cavernosa (top) | 1 corpus spongionsum (bottom)

Question 39

what r the erectile tissues of the penis covered in

Answer 39

bucks fascia

Question 40

what happens to the erectile tissues at the glans

Answer 40

corpora cavernsoa stop | corpus spongiosum continues and expands

Question 41

what are the two things the penile urethra carried and what tissue is it located in

Answer 41

carries urine and semen | corpus spongiosum

Question 42

what is the navicular fossa and where is it

Answer 42

dilation of penile urethra as it reaches the end of the penis in the glans

Question 43

what comes after the navicular fossa

Answer 43

external urethral meatus

Question 44

what is the arterial supply of penis (1) and its origin

Answer 44

penile artery from internal pudendal from internal iliac from common iliac from abdominal aorta

Question 45

what is the general sensation and sympathetic innervation of penis, its spinal origin and its branches

Answer 45

dorsal nerve S2-S4, pudendal nerve from sacral plexus

Question 46

what is the venous drainage of the penis (2)

Answer 46

superficial and deep dorsal vein

Question 47

what allows for male erection

Answer 47

increase in arterial flow to all three erectile compartments

Question 48

what is the role of corpus spongiosum during erection

Answer 48

prevents urethra being compressed during ejaculation

Question 49

what is the role of corpora cavernosa during erection

Answer 49

become engorged to make the penis hard and rigid

Question 50

what is the role of bucks fascia during erection

Answer 50

limits amount fo blood flow during an erection

Question 51

what r seminal vesicles

Answer 51

lobulated sacs lateral to ampulla of vas derens

Question 52

what does the seminal vesiscle secrete

Answer 52

thick alkaline fluid (semen)

Question 53

what is the ejaculatory duct made of

Answer 53

vas deferens + seminal vesicles

Question 54

what is the path of the ejaculatory duct

Answer 54

pierces back of prostate glands and enters prostatic urethra

Question 55

what is the prostate and where is it located

Answer 55

round fibromuscular gland | neck of bladder

Question 56

what pierces the prostate gland

Answer 56

urethra and ejaculatory duct

Question 57

what is the glans penis made entirely of

Answer 57

corpus spongiosus