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Anatomy > Posterior Leg and Sole of Foot Session 34 > Flashcards

Posterior Leg and Sole of Foot Session 34 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the posterior compartment of leg split into

A

superficial and deep group of muscles

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2
Q

what r the superficial muscles in posterior compartment of the leg (3)

A

gastrocnemius, soleal, plantaris

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3
Q

what is the common insertion of all of the superficial muscles in posterior compartment of the leg

A

calcaneal tendon to calcaneous bone

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4
Q

what is the order of superfifical muscles from most superficial to deep and include the neurovascular bundle

A
  1. gastrocnemius
  2. plantaris
  3. soleal
  4. tibial neurovascular bundle
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5
Q

what is the attachment of gastrocnemius

A

attachment: 2 condyles of distal femur

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6
Q

what is the action of gastronemius (2)

A

flexes knee, platarflexes ankle

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7
Q

what is the attachment of soleus

A

soleal line

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8
Q

what is the action of soleus

A

plantarflexes ankle

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9
Q

what is the secondary action of soleus

A

contraction compresses the deep veins of the leg for venous return

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10
Q

what is important about plantaris

A

small superficial muscle belly gives rise to a long tendon

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11
Q

what is the action of plantaris and is it a prime mover

A

plantarflexes ankle and flexes knee

not a prime mover

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12
Q

what r the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of leg (4)

A

popliteus
tibialis posterior
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus

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13
Q

what is the path and insertion of the deep posterior compartment muscles and what r they (3 muscles)

A

tendons travel posterior to medial malleolus to insert onto plantar surface of bones of feet
tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis and digitorum longus

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14
Q

where does popliteus lie

A

popliteal fossa in back of knee joint

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15
Q

what is the attachment and insertion of popliteus

A

attachment- tibia and femur

insertion- above soleul line

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16
Q

attachment insertion and action of tibialis posterior

A

interosseus membrane, tibia and fibula
tendon attached to multiple bones in the foot
plantar flexes and inverts the foot

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17
Q

insertion and action of flexor hallucis longus

A

inserts: distal plantar surface of big toe

flexes big toe and plantar flexes the foot

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18
Q

insertion and action of flexor digitorum longus

A

insertion- distal phalanx of toes 2-5

action- flexion of digits and plantar flexes foot

19
Q

what does tom dick and very naughty harry stand for and what order do these structures travel

A 
t= tibialis posterior
dick= flexor digitorum longus
and very naught= artery, vein, posterior tibial nerve
harry- flexor hallucis longus
medial to lateral
19
Q

what does tom dick and very naughty harry stand for and what order do these structures travel

A 
t= tibialis posterior
dick= flexor digitorum longus
and very naught= artery, vein, posterior tibial nerve
harry- flexor hallucis longus
medial to lateral
20
Q

how many layers do the intrinsic muscles of the foot have

A

4

21
Q

what innervated the sole of the foot and its muscle and what is this a terminal branch of

A

medial and lateral plantar nerves

tibial nerve

22
Q

what re the 2 protective structure of hte foot

A

thick skin and subcutaneous tissue

plantar aponeurosis

23
Q

what do the intrinsic muscles of the sole of the foot include (5)

A

lumbricals, interossei, toe flexors, adductor of big toe and abductors of the big and little toes

24
Q

what does the popliteal artery split into

A

anterior and posterior tibial arteries

25
Q

what does the posterior tibial artery supply

A

posterior comp of leg and sole fo foot

26
Q

what does the posterior tibial artery give rise to and what does this supply

A

fibular artery

lateral compartment

27
Q

what does the posterior tibial artery bifurcate into and where does these two arteries supply

A

medial and lateral plantar arteries

supply sole of foot

28
Q

path of posterior tibila artery

A

travels posterior to medial malleolus with tendon of tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus

29
Q

what forms the deep plantar arch (2)

A

lateral plantar artery and branch of dorsalis pedis

30
Q

what is the arterial supply to the forefoot and the toes

A

metatarsal and digitial arteries

31
Q

what does the popliteal vein form from

A

ant and post tibial and fibular veins

32
Q

how does the dorsal venous network of the foot drain (medially and laterally)

A

medially to great saphenous

lateral to small saphenous

33
Q

how does the small/ great saphenous veins drain

A

small saphenous enters popliteal vein in popliteal fossa
great
great saphenous vein meets femoral vein in femoral triangle

34
Q

what does the tibial nerve innervate (2)

A
  1. posterior compartment of leg

2. plantar surface of foot

35
Q

path of tibial nerve

A

travels posterior to medial malleolus with tendons of tibialis posterior, FHL, FDL

36
Q

divisions of tibial nerve and where does it divide

A

into posterior medial and lateral plantar nerve

in the sole of the foot

37
Q

what does the tibial nerve innervate in the foot and what is the exception

A

all of dorsum of foot except extensor digitorum brevis which is the deep peroneal nerve

38
Q

spinal nerve dermatomes (L1-S1)

A 
L1 over inguinal ligament
L2 upper anteiror thigh
L3 medial aspect of knee
L4 anteriomedial leg, first digit,
L5 anterolateral leg, 2-4th digit
S1 5th digit, medial side of foot
39
Q

peripheral skin innervation of femoral nerve

A

anterior thigh and anteromedial leg via saphenous

40
Q

peripheral skin innervation of obturator nerve

A

medial thigh

41
Q

peripheral skin innervation of tibial nerve

A

sole of foot

42
Q

peripheral skin innervation of superficial peroneal nerve

A

lower lateral leg

most of dorsal surface of foot

43
Q

peripheral skin innervation of deep peroneal nerve

A

1st interdigital cleft

Anatomy (28 decks)

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