Flashcards in Anti-TB Agents Deck (30):
1
first line TB agents
isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethamobutol, streptomycin
2
most active drug against TB
isoniazid
3
isoniazid MOA
inhibits synthesis of mycolic acids (mycobacterial cell wall)
covalent complex with AcpM and KasA
4
resistance with isoniazid
overexpress inhA
mutation of katG
overexpress ahpC
mutation kasA
5
adverse with INH
hepatitis - major toxic effect
peripheral neuropathy - B6 deficiency
6
vit B6 deficiency
pyridoxine
with isoniazid tx
peripheral INH
7
rifampin MOA
binds to beta-subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and inhibits RNA synthesis
bacteriacidal for mycobacterium
8
resistance in rifampin
mutation of rpoB
9
P450 inducer
rifampin
-may alter HIV NNRTI treatment
10
red/orange urine color
rifampin
11
pyrazinamide
MOA unknown
-active at pH 5.5
converted to pyrazinoic acid in macrophages
12
pyrazinamide resistance
mutation of pncA
13
most hepatotoxic first line agent
pyrazinamide
14
ethambutol MOA
inhibit mycobacterial arabinosyl transferase - encoded by embCAB operon
involved in polymerization rxn of arabinoglycan - component of mycobacterial cell wall
15
arabinoglycan
ethambutol inhibits this
16
ethambutol resistance
overexpress emb gene
mutation of embB gene
17
streptomycin
aminoglycoside
IM/IV administer
18
streptomycin MOA
irreversible inhibitor of protein synthesis
binds S12 of 30S subunit
19
streptomycin resistance
mutations in rspL gene or rrs gene
20
streptomycin scope
mycobacterium tuberculosis
mycobacterium avium complex
mycobacterium kansasii
21
vertical nystagmus
ethambutol
22
vertigo and hearing loss
streptomycin
23
severe/life-threatening TB
streptomycin
administered IV
24
ethionamide
isoniazid second-line
25
rifabutin
rifapentine
rifampin second-line
26
amikacin
capremoycin
kanamycin
streptomycin second line
27
leprosy drugs
clofazimine
dapsone
28
four drug regimen
administered until susceptibility is determined
done bc drug resistant mutants are very frequent in population
29
hepatotoxic drugs
INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide
pyrazinamide is most hepatotoxic
should be stopped - serum aminotransferase reaches 5x upper limit
30