Flashcards in Drugs for Rhinitis and Allergies Deck (24):
1
allergic rhinitis tx
nasal spray
-prevent systemic side effects
antihistamines, antimuscarinics, cromolyn, topical corticosteroids, alpha-agonists
2
H1 receptor antagonists
antihistamines
second generation do not cross BBB - no drowsy
3
diphenhydramine
first generation H1 antagonist
4
chlorpheniramine
first generation H1
5
2nd generation H1 antagonists
cetirizine
fexofenadine
loratadine
desloratadine
azelastine - intranasal spray
no drowsiness - more hydrophilic - don't cross to CNS
6
intranasal spray, 2nd generation H1 antagonist
azelastine
7
2nd generation H1 blocker
less to CNS
longer half life
less anti-muscarinic side effects
8
antihistamine effects
relieve sneezing, nasal itching and discharge
NOT much effect on congestion
9
first gen H1 blockers
sedation
dizzy, tinnitus, nervous, insomnia
dry mouth
urinary retention
10
decongestant
alpha-agonist
vasoconstriction - reduce edema
effective for relief of congestion
NOT sneezing, itching, discharge
combo with H1 blocker
11
pseudoephedrine
alpha agonist
-restriction - make meth
12
medicamentosa
rebound congestion and rhinitis - drug induced
from 3 days use of alpha-agonist decongestant
13
antitussives
opioids
-central suppression of cough reflex
-codeine, dextromethorphan
non-opioids - benoxinate, diphenhydramine
14
diphenhydramine
non-opioid antitussive and antihistamine
15
expectorants
facilitate excretion mucus
16
n-acetyl-cysteine
breaks sulfhydryl bonds in mucus
expectorant
17
guafinesin
facilitate removal of viscous mucus
expectorant
18
dornase alpha
expectorant
-useful in CF
get rid of mucus
19
most effective drugs for relief of symptoms of allergic
intranasal corticosteroids
20
ocular allergy
allergic conjunctivitis
itching
2nd generation oral antihistamines
21
tx allergic conjunctivitis
antihistamine/decongestant combo
pheniramine/naphazoline
antazoline/naphazoline
OTC - short acting
22
prophylaxis of type A influenza
amantadine
inhibit uncoating of viral nucleic acids
23
bird flu
H5N1
tamiflu - oseltamivir
24