Interstitial Lung Disease DSA III Flashcards
(24 cards)
coal workers pneumoconiosis
coal dust deposit in lung
risk increase with intensity of exposure and carbon content
anthracite is most toxic
risk for coal workers pneumoconiosis
underground miners at more risk than surface miners
path of coal workers pneumoconiosis
coal macule consisting of macrophages laden with coal dust within walls of resp bronchioles and adjacent alveoli
coal nodules
progressive massive fibrosis
clinical for coal miners pneumoconiosis
no sx or signs
possible bronchitis
may lead to progressive massive fibrosis
caplan syndrome
rheumatoid arthritis and large cavitary pulmonary nodules associated with silicosis and coal workers pneumoconiosis
CXR for coal workers pneumoconiosis
small rounded opacitines in lung parenchyma
can progress to progressive massive fibrosis - nodules 0.5 - 5cm
PFT for coal workers pneumoconiosis
normal early phase
obstructive later on
may show restriction
coal dust - shown to cause emphysema
Dx of coal workers pneumoconiosis
coal dust exposure
CXR
Tx coal workers pneumoconiosis
avoid exposure
stop smoking
asbestosis
chronic fibrotic interstitial lung disease secondary to inhalation of asbestos fibers
20 year latency between disease and exposure is common
risk for asbestosis
mining milling transport asbestos demolition brake lining ship builders insulation fireproofing
ferruginous bodies
asbestos bodies
-found in asbestosis
sputum or BAL fluid
disease associated with asbestosis
mesothelioma
lung ca
pleural effusion
CXR for asbestosis
pleural plaques and effusion
pleural thickening
rounded atelectasis with comet tail**
lower lobe and subpleural prominent
PFT for asbestosis
restrictive
some obstructive
Dx of asbestosis
Hx of exposure appropriate time after exposure lung fibrosis on CXR bilatral crackles clubbing fingers or toes restrictive PFT
Tx of asbestosis
no Tx
avoid exposure
stop smoking
consider lung transplant
risk for beryllium disease
aerospace electronics ceramics metal nuclear telecommunications tool and die welding
acute toxic pneumonitis
high exposure to beryllium
-hypersensitivity response that is now rare due to better recognition of beryllium associate disease
chronic beryllium disease
asymptomatic to severe granulomatous restrictive lung disease
dyspnea, cough, chest pain, weight loss, fatigue, arthralgias, crackles
20 or more years after exposure
all sarcoid patients
consider beryllium exposure
CXR for beryllium disease
enlarge hilar or mediastinal nodes
or multi lung nodules
or both
later stages - patchy fibrosis, hyperinflation, honeycombing
Dx of beryllium disease
exposure to beryllum
lung disease
positive BeLPT (beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test performed on blood or BAL fluid)
Tx of beryllium disease
avoid exposure
stop smoking
steroids
