antibiotics Flashcards
what are antibiotics?
chemical used to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms, particualry bacteria
what are some examples of antibiotics
penicillin, streptomycin, erythromycin, vancomycin
what are bactericidal antibiotics?
KILL BACTERIA
- disrupt action of essential enxymes
- damage cell walls
- damage cell membrane
what are bacteriostatic antibiotics?
PREVENT REPLICATION OF BACTERIA
- inhibits gene copying
- inhibits enzyme activity
- inhibits protein synthesis
what are broad-spectrum antibiotics?
affect wide range of different types of bacteria
what are narrow-spectrum antibiotics?
effective only against specific types of bacteria
what is multiple drug resistance?
resistance of some strain of bacteria to most of the available antibiotics
what is total drug resistance?
resistance of some strains of bacteria to all antibiotics
when does drug resistance occur?
when antibiotics are taken longer than necessary or when they are not needed
