dentition + prognathism

Question 1

define diastema

Answer 1

gap between teeth - the canines and incirsors in apes

Question 2

define the dental arcade

Answer 2

shape of the tooth row

Question 3

define mandible

Answer 3

lower jaw

Question 4

define brow ridges

Answer 4

bony ridge above the eye socket

Question 5

define sagittal crest

Answer 5

bony ridge on the top of the skull where jaw muscles attach

Question 6

describe the characteristics of ape dentition

Answer 6

• larger canines and incisors for display
• diastema present = overlapping canines
• dental arcade long and rectangular
• thinner enamel = teeth cannot grind (leafy, fruit diet)

Question 7

describe the characteristics of humans dentition

Answer 7

• smaller even shaped teeth
• nodistema
• dental arcade shorter and more rounded
• thicker enamel = teeth can grind (tough food)
• loss of wisdom teeth in some individuals

Question 8

describe the prognathism/cranial characteristics in apes

Answer 8

• small cranium
• prognathic = protruding jaw
• forehead no vertical = large brow ridges
• sagittal crest in gorillas
• large mandible, simian shelf inside lower jaw
• no chin
• large cheek bones = allows for large musculature

Question 9

describe the prognathism characteristics in humans

Answer 9

• large cranium
• flat face
• vertical forehead = small brow ridges
• no sagittal crest
• shoorter mandible + more delicate = lacking the bony reinforcement of the simian shelf
• chin allows more room inside mouth for speech
• reduced zygomatic arch