synthetic hormone Flashcards
what is the first step of producing insulin from recombinant DNA?
human DNA is extracted from a cell of the gene of interest and is cut from human DNA with a restriction enzyme to produce sticky ends
what is the second step of producing insulin from recombinant DNA?
extract plasmid from a bacterial cell and use the same restriction enzyme to cut open the plasmid
what is the third step of producing insulin from recombinant DNA?
join target gene and plasmid
- sticky ends are complementary > weak hydrogen bonds form between bases
- DNA ligase joins sugar-phosphate backbone through ligation
what is the fourth step of producing insulin from recombinant DNA?
the recombinant plasmid is formed
what is the fifth step of producing insulin from recombinant DNA?
transformation = bacteria are treated with heat to make them take up recombinant plasmid
what is the sixth step of producing insulin from recombinant DNA?
genetically modified bacteria that contain recombinant plasmid are cultured
what is the seventh step of producing insulin from recombinant DNA?
genetically modified bacteria express insulin gene in the recombinant plasmid
what is the eighth step of producing insulin from recombinant DNA?
insulin is extracted + purified
what are the pros of synthetic hormones?
- identical to human insulin
- large amounts quickly
- more affordable + accessible
- pure hormones in a sterile lab
what are the costs of synthetic hormones?
- expensive
