speciation Flashcards
1
Q
define speciation
A
Process of producing two species
2
Q
how does speciation occur?
A
isolation, variation, and selection
3
Q
define species
A
group of individuals that share many characteristics and are able to interbreed under natural conditions to produce offspring
4
Q
what are the 4 steps of speciation?
A
variation
isolation
selection
speciation
5
Q
what is the first step of speciation?
A
variation
- variation between individuals of a species
- multiple alleles are available
6
Q
what is the second step of speciation?
A
isolation
- populations of the same species are isolated
- barrier to gene flow = geographical, cultural, religion, language
- gene pool is separated
7
Q
what is the third step of speciation?
A
selection
- each population is subjected to different selective agents = natural selection, mutation, genetic drift
- all mechanisms which lead to a change in allele frequency
- favourable alleles are represented in a high proportion
8
Q
what is the fourth step of speciation?
A
speciation
- allele frequency changes until they become so different that the two groups are no longer to be able to interbreed
