Antibiotics key information

Question 1

Which antibiotics interact with warfarin, increasing it’s anticogulant effects?

Answer 1

Penicillins, Macrolides, Quinolones, Metronidazole, Trimethoprim

Question 2

Interaction between metronidazole and alcohol

Answer 2

Disulfiram reaction- Alcohol should be avoided during the course and 48 hours after

Question 3

Interaction between isotretinoin and tetracyclines

Answer 3

Inccreased risk of intracranial hypertension

Question 4

Interaction between quinolones and NSAIDs

Answer 4

Increased risk of seizures

Question 5

Antibacterials that prolong the QT

Answer 5

Quinolones, azoles, macrolides

Question 6

Methotrexate and flucloxacillin interaction

Answer 6

Increased risk of hepatotoxicity

Question 7

Interaction between rivaroxaban and erythromycin

Answer 7

Increased risk of bleeding

Question 8

Antibacterials most likely to cause C.diff?

Answer 8

Clindamycin, Cephlasporins, Ciprofloxacin, Co-amoxiclav

Question 9

Antibacterials that cover MRSA

Answer 9

Clindamycin

Co-trimoxazole

Linezolid

Tetracyclines

Rifampicin and fusidic acid used together

Glycopeptides

Daptomycin

Trimethoprim

Nitrofurantoin

Vancomycin

Question 10

Which antibiotics are most likley to be nephrotoxic?

Answer 10

Glycopeptides and aminoglycosides

Question 11

Which antibacterial class is associated with ototoxicity?

Answer 11

Aminoglycosides- do not use with other ototoxic drugs e.g., loop diuretics

Question 12

Which antibiotic can cause jaundice up to 2 months after stopping?

Answer 12

Flucloxacillin

Question 13

Which antibiotics are assoicated with ocular toxicity?

Answer 13

Linezolid (If used for longer than 28 days) and ethambutol

Question 14

Which antibiotic is associated with a toxic megacolon?

Answer 14

Co-amoxiclav

Question 15

Which antibiotic should be avoided in deaf patients?

Answer 15

Vancomycin- Can cause tinnitus

Question 16

Antibiotic associated with red man syndrome, particulalrly with rapid infusion?

Answer 16

Vancomycin

Question 17

Antibiotic associated with black furry tongue

Answer 17

Amoxicillin

Question 18

Antibacterial class associated with tendon damage and joint inflammation

Answer 18

Fluoroquinolones

Question 19

Antibitoic class associated with hepatic and renal dysfunction?

Answer 19

Nitrofurantoin

Question 20

Which antibiotics can be used in pregnancy safely?

Answer 20

Erythromycin, Clindamycin, penicillins, cephlasporins

Question 21

Which antibiotics should be avoided in pregnancy?

Answer 21

Nitrofurantoin- in 3rd trimester
Trimethoprim- in 1st trimester
Clarithromycin
Chloramphenicol- grey baby syndrome
Quinolones- increased risk of arthopathy
Doxycyline

Question 22

Antibacterials to be taken on an empty stomach

Answer 22

Sulphonamides
Penicillins (except amoxicillin)
Ciprofloxacin
Azithromycin

Question 23

Antibacterials to be taken with, or just after food

Answer 23

Metronidazole
Nitrofurantoin
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin M/R
Trimethoprim