Flashcards in Antimycobacterial Drugs Deck (91)
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1
treatment of active TB
4 drugs-
isoniazid
rifampin
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
2
treatment of MDR-TB
5-6 drugs
3
latent TB treatment
isoniazid or rifampin alone for 9 months
4
locations of TB drugs
intracellular
extracellular
cavities
5
speed of intracellular replication
slow
6
speed of extracellular replication
fast
7
speed of cavitary replication
slow
8
mycolic acid
long chain branched fatty acids in the wall
9
mycelia acid benefits
resist dehdyration, disinfectants, antibiotics, hide from macrophages
10
isoniazid works at
extra
intra
cavity
11
isoniazid is cidal or static
either- depends on location
12
isoniazid MOA
prodrug activated to nicotinoyl radical by Katg which inhibits mycolic acid synthesis by blocking InhA and KasA
13
KatG
mycobacterium enzyme that activates isoniazid to nicotinoyl radical
14
nicotinoyl radical
active form of isoniazid
15
InhA
acyl carrier protein reductase
16
KasA
acyl carrier protein synthetase
17
isoniazid resistance mechanisms
spontaneous resistance
KatG mutation
InhA overexpression
resistance to oxidative stress
18
isoniazid clearance
NAT2 aceylation in liver which is then either excreted by kidney oR converted to hydrazine by cops
acetylated and excreted
19
what increases isoniazid toxicity
slow acetylators
cyp inducers
20
isoniazid side effects
hepatotoxicity
neurotoxicity- PNS and CNS
21
prevention of isoniazid side effects
B6 supplements
22
isoniazid interactions
inhibits MAO- do not give with tyramine foods, excessive caffeine, MAOI
cyp inhibitors
alcohol
23
extracellular acting first line tb drugs
isoniazid
rifampin
ethambutol
streptomycin
24
intracellular acting first line tb drugs
isoniazid
rifampin
pyrazinamide
25
cavity acting first line tb drugs
isoniazid
rifampin
ethambutol
26
rifampin acts in
intracellular
extracellular
cavity
27
rifampin cidal or static
cidal
28
rifampin MOA
inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase
29
rifampin resistance
RNA polymerase mutations
30
