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Block 5 > Asthma drugs > Flashcards

Asthma drugs Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Th2 high asthmatics

A

respond to normal treatment

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2
Q

Th2 low asthmatics

A

neutrophilic inflammation
IL17 = glucocorticoid insensitivity
more airway remodeling

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3
Q

albuterol

A

SABA

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4
Q

levoalbuterol

A

SABA

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5
Q

terburtaline

A

SABA

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6
Q

metaproternol

A

SABA

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7
Q

bitolerol

A

SABA

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8
Q

salmeterol

A

LABA

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9
Q

formoterol

A

LABA

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10
Q

indacaterol

A

LABA

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11
Q

vilanterol

A

LABA

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12
Q

beta agonist moa

A

increase cAMP which leads to smooth muscle relaxation and blockage of mast cell degranulation

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13
Q

beta agonist use

A

short term bronchospasm release
emergency (SABA, epinephrine)
prophylaxis of exercise induced

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14
Q

first line rescue

A

SABA

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15
Q

beta agonist ADR

A

nonselective- tachycardia, hypotension, palpitations

tremors

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16
Q

methyl xanthines

A

theophylline

aminophylline

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17
Q

methy xanthine moa

A 
unknown
inhibit cAMP breakdown by blocking PDE
block adenosine receptors
inhibit NFkB
increase histone deacetylase activity
anti-inflammatory
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18
Q

theophylline use

A

not first line- use if unresponsive to first line

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19
Q

theophylline adr

A 
unpredictable plasma levels
liver metabolized
narrow TI
headache
nausea
arrythmias
seizures
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20
Q

anticholinergics

A

ipratropium

tiotropium

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21
Q

ipratropium

A

sama

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22
Q

tiotropium

A

lama

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23
Q

anticholinergic use

A

second line- not as good as beta2 agonists
used in combo with beta2
slower onset, last longer

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24
Q

anticholinergic moa

A

blocks muscarinic receptors to decrease broncoconstriction and mucus secretion

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25
works with increased vagal tone
ipratropium | tiotropium
26
anticholinergic adr
dry mouth | cough
27
fastest acting drug
SABA
28
anti-inflammatory use
blocks late phase response | used in status asthmatics but does NOT relieve acute symptoms
29
fluticasone
inhaled glucocorticoid
30
beclomethasone
inhaled glucocorticoid
31
flunisolide
inhaled glucocorticoid
32
triamclinolone
inhaled glucocorticoid
33
budesonide
inhaled glucocorticoid
34
ciclesonide
inhaled glucocorticoid
35
mometasone
inhaled glucocorticoid
36
hydrocortisone
oral glucocorticoid
37
predisone
oral glucocorticoid
38
prednisolone
oral glucocorticoid
39
methylprednisolone
oral glucocorticoid
40
trimcloline
oral glucocorticoid
41
glucocorticoid moa
blocks cytokine transcription blocks down regulation of beta receptors inhibits late phase response long term use- blocks immediate response
42
glucocorticoid use
first line prophylactic inhaled slow to act
43
which drug class can patients be resistant to
glucocorticoids
44
inhaled glucocorticoid adr
oral candidiasis hoarseness growth retardation
45
systemic glucocorticoid adr
``` osteoporosis weight gain hypertension diabetes myopathy psych issues ```
46
what class is commonly given in combo with LABA
glucocorticoid
47
cromones
cromolyn sodium | nedocromil sodium
48
cromone moa
unknown prevents mediator release which inhibits immediate response prevents late response
49
cromone use
second line prophylaxis inahled not as good as steroids BUT lacks steroid side effects
50
cromone adr
none
51
leukotriene receptor antagonists
zafirlukast | montelukast
52
leukotriene receptor antagonist moa
blocks CysLT1 receptor and prevents LTC4, LTD4, LTE4 effects
53
leukotriene modifier use
first or second alternative for inhaled steroids
54
leukotriene modifier adr
Churg Straus syndrome- remove glucocorticoids and get necrotizing vasculitis, skin rash, pulmonary inflammation, eosinophilia, heart failure
55
5' lipoxygenase inhibitor
zileuton
56
zileuton MOA
blocks leukotriene formation and action of LTB4
57
omalzumab MOA
IgE inhibitor- anti IgE anibody | inhibits mast cell degranulation
58
omalzumab use
first line in atopic patients not controlled by steroids or LABA
59
anti IL5 antibodies
mepolizumab | resilzumab
60
order of drug use
``` SABA low dose inhaled glucocorticoid LABA added increase steroid dose add other drugs depending on phenotype ```
61
emergency
inhaled saba epinepherine conventional steroids theophylline and ipratropium
62
drugs not to give to asthmatics
aspirin, NSAIDs | non selective beta blockers
63
COPD drugs
same as for asthma glucocorticoids are not as effective mucolytics (acetylcysteine)
64
roflumilast
PDE4 inhibitor for severe COPD

Block 5 (27 decks)

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