Which type of arthritis is described as a systemic disorder affecting many different tissues, associated with pain, stiffness, and inflammation of synovial joints, probably an autoimmune disease and bouchards nodes?
a. rheumatoid
b. osteo
rheumatoid
Which type of arthritis is described as non systemic, affects articular cartilage, not an autoimmune disease and Heberdens nodes?
a. rheumatoid
b. osteo
osteo
Bouchards nodes are on the (proximal/distal) joints
proximal
Heberden nodes are on the (proximal/distal) joints
distal
What drugs can be used to treat RA?
NSAIDs
Glucocorticoids
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
this type of drug is extremely effective antiinflammatory, used when NSAIDs are no longer effective
glucocorticoids
this type of drug is used when NSAID and glucocorticoids do not alter the progression of RA
disease-modifying antirheumatic
What is the safest DMARD?
a. antimalarial
b. azathioprine
c. gold therapy
d. leflunomide
antimalarial
This type of DMARD is an immunosuppressive drug used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants
a. antimalarial
b. azathioprine
c. gold therapy
d. leflunomide
azathioprine
This type of DMARD is one of the earliest DMARDs but has strong adverse effects
a. antimalarial
b. azathioprine
c. gold therapy
d. leflunomide
gold therapy
This type of DMARD is a newcomer, less toxic with fewer side effects
a. antimalarial
b. leflunomide
c. gold therapy
d. methotrexate
leflunomide
This type of DMARD is a very popular anti-cancer agent and one of the most effective
a. antimalarial
b. leflunomide
c. gold therapy
d. methotrexate
methotrexate
DMARD includes _ which is high in fish oil
diet
What hormones are lipid-soluble and pass directly through the cell membrane and into the cytoplasm?
steroid complex
thyroid hormone complex
Where do steroid and thyroid hormone complexes attach to a messenger to effect gene activity?
the cytoplasm
once gene activity is effected by the steroid and thyroid hormone complex, what occurs?
protein synthesis and cellular function
What is the natrual glucocorticoid?
cortisol
Cortisol is synthesized and released by the _ _
adrenal cortex
Cortisol is released in response to stress caused by
trauma infection hemorrhage food/water deprivation psychologic stress
_ causes the breakdown of muscle proteins so amino acids can be used to synthesize glucose in the liver
cortisol
What is the primary problem when glucocorticoids are administered over an extended period of time?
catabolism of muscle tissue
Glucocorticoids are potent _-_ agents inhibit _ response enhance _ and water reabsorption alter _ and _
anti-inflammatory
immune
renal Na+
behavior and mood
How do corticosteroids effect muscle?
interfere with muscle protein synthesis by altering the cells ability to retain amino acids
What is characterized by proximal muscle weakness affecting ambulation and functional ability?
steroid myopathy
