Artic Phono Test 2

Question 1

What do you look for in sounds by word position? 2

Answer 1

1 produces sound incorrectly in one position, but correct in another
2 produces a sound as substitution in one position but as another substitution in another

Question 2

What do you look for in sounds by morpheme?

Answer 2

correct morpheme productions

Question 3

___ is when certain sounds can be produced correctly in certain important words like a sibling’s name.

Answer 3

Fossilized form

Question 4

A fossilized form is different than a ___, which does not occur in an important word, just a randomly.

Answer 4

inconsistent error

Question 5

A ___ is a phonological rule that doesn’t change (never put a sound at the end of word)

Answer 5

static rule

Question 6

A ___ are more flowing rules that change by context or affect more than one sound.

Answer 6

dynamic rules

Question 7

What are the different static rule constraints?3

Answer 7

1 inventory constraints
2 positional constraints
3 sequence constraints

Question 8

____ are sounds absent from phonetic and phonemic inventories.

Answer 8

Inventory constraints

Question 9

_____ are certain sounds only occur in specific word positions, not in other word position.

Answer 9

Positional constraints

Question 10

____ are certain sound combinations do not occur.

Answer 10

Sequence constraints

Question 11

___ is a type of dynamic rule that must be applie regardless of word position or morpheme.

Answer 11

Obligatory

Question 12

___ is a type of dynamic rule that are applied in some cases but not all cases.

Answer 12

Optional

Question 13

Use a ___ to help decide what level of knowledge the child has and needs.

Answer 13

Decision tree for phonological knowledge

Question 14

_____ is to make gross phonological change. (Gierut & Hulse 2010)

Answer 14

The goal of treatment of SSD

Question 15

____ is that it doesn’t matter what you do with sounds, it just matters what sounds you are working on.

Answer 15

Complexity research

Question 16

___ is when generalization/bootstrapping occurs through complexity theory usage of selecting targets.

Answer 16

Cascade effects

Question 17

_____ is that complexity is system driven, number and labels of phonological processes present in a child’s system and interaction of the process on one another and on the overall communicative competence of the individual affects the disorder.

Answer 17

epistemic perspective

Question 18

_____is that there is a hierarchical relationship between the individual characteristics of the system, which allows for “cascading” of effects from tx. Treat the top of the hierarchy.

Answer 18

ontological perspective

Question 19

____ is the complexity is principle driven (like phonotactics, phonotactic probability) and there is a system.

Answer 19

functional perspective

Question 20

What IS complexity?

Answer 20

Epistemic, Ontological and Functional Perpsectives combined

Question 21

____ is input that models the more advanced (adult) forms in all their mutations and derivations. Don’t dumb it down!

Answer 21

Learnability theory

Question 22

Pyscholinguists with Gierut look at ___, which are linguistic rules that cross languages.

Answer 22

Implication laws

Question 23

What are some additional system-wide implicational laws? 6

Answer 23

1 affricates imply fricatives
2 consonants imply vowels
3 liquids imply nasals
4 fricatives imply stops
5 clusters imply affricates
6 fricative+liquid clusters imply stop+liquid clusters

Question 24

What are some phonological process implicational laws? 2

Answer 24

1 stopping implies liquid gliding

2 word final velar fronting implies word initial velar fronting

Question 25

___ is when the phoneme is not represented at all in any morphemes.

Answer 25

inventory constraints