Attitudes

Question 1

How is an attitude formed

Answer 1

SPERMS
Socialisation-Friends playing sports may influence you to play sports
Past experiences-Negative experience in PE lessons may discourage from playing sports
Religious beliefs-Against Muslim religion for woman to show skin in public places
Media-Newspaper article on benefits of exercise could lead to a positive attitude
Significant others-Parents who take part in physical activity could encourage children to do so

Question 2

Components of attitude

Answer 2

-Cognitive component-Beliefs about an attitude object
-Affective component-Feelings towards the attitude object
-Behavioural component-Actions towards an attitude object

Question 3

Methods of changing attitudes

Answer 3

1. Persuasive communication
2. Cognitive dissonance

Question 4

What is Persuasive communication

Answer 4

-A significant other/role model e.g parent persuading a player to go to training
-Provide a relevant message e.g going to a spin class will help lose weight
-To a recipient who must have a desire to change e.g an overweight person is more likely to want to change their lifestyle

Question 5

What is cognitive dissonance

Answer 5

-The process of creating disharmony between the components of attitude
-Change two or more components of attitude

Question 6

How does Cognitive dissonance change attitudes

Answer 6

-Change the cognitive component e.g ‘running prevents CHD’
-Then affective changes e.g ‘I start to enjoy running-endorphins’
-Then Behavioural changes e.g ‘I now go running 3 times a week’
-Causes drive to remove disharmony and regain confidence