B3.1 Gas exchange SL Flashcards
(30 cards)
Diffusion in Gas Exchange
Essential random net movement of particles in gas exchange
Why is a large surface area important in gas-exchange surfaces?
Increases the membrane surface for diffusion
What property allows gases to move across gas-exchange surfaces?
Permeability to gases
Role of moist surface in gas exchange?
Dissolves gases for diffusion
Steep Concentration Gradients
Enhances the rate of diffusion
Alveoli
Tiny structures in lungs for gas exchange
Main challenge in gas exchange for larger organisms?
Decreased surface area-to-volume ratio
Role of steep concentration gradients in gas exchange?
Enhances diffusion rate
Role of blood vessels in gas exchange?
Maintain concentration gradients
Permeability
Allows gases to pass through exchange surfaces
Role of diaphragm in ventilation?
Contracts during inspiration, increasing lung volume.
Tidal Volume
Volume of air moved per normal breath
Difference between forced and normal expiration?
Involves abdominal muscles in forced expiration
Spirometer
Measures lung function
Importance of lung volumes?
Indicate lung function and health
Muscles involved in forced expiration?
Abdominal muscles
Residual volume in lung function?
Air remaining after maximum exhalation
Spirometry
Measures lung volumes, indicating respiratory health
Measurement by a spirometer?
Lung volumes like tidal volume
Diaphragm movement during inspiration?
Contracts and flattens
Stomata
Tiny pores on leaves for gas exchange
Factors affecting transpiration rate?
Temperature, wind, humidity, light intensity
Function of waxy cuticle on leaves?
Prevents water loss
Effect of light on transpiration?
Increases with higher light intensity
