B3.1 Gas exchange SL

Question 1

Diffusion in Gas Exchange

Answer 1

Essential random net movement of particles in gas exchange

Question 2

Why is a large surface area important in gas-exchange surfaces?

Answer 2

Increases the membrane surface for diffusion

Question 3

What property allows gases to move across gas-exchange surfaces?

Answer 3

Permeability to gases

Question 4

Role of moist surface in gas exchange?

Answer 4

Dissolves gases for diffusion

Question 5

Steep Concentration Gradients

Answer 5

Enhances the rate of diffusion

Question 6

Alveoli

Answer 6

Tiny structures in lungs for gas exchange

Question 7

Main challenge in gas exchange for larger organisms?

Answer 7

Decreased surface area-to-volume ratio

Question 8

Role of steep concentration gradients in gas exchange?

Answer 8

Enhances diffusion rate

Question 9

Role of blood vessels in gas exchange?

Answer 9

Maintain concentration gradients

Question 10

Permeability

Answer 10

Allows gases to pass through exchange surfaces

Question 11

Role of diaphragm in ventilation?

Answer 11

Contracts during inspiration, increasing lung volume.

Question 12

Tidal Volume

Answer 12

Volume of air moved per normal breath

Question 13

Difference between forced and normal expiration?

Answer 13

Involves abdominal muscles in forced expiration

Question 14

Spirometer

Answer 14

Measures lung function

Question 15

Importance of lung volumes?

Answer 15

Indicate lung function and health

Question 16

Muscles involved in forced expiration?

Answer 16

Abdominal muscles

Question 17

Residual volume in lung function?

Answer 17

Air remaining after maximum exhalation

Question 18

Spirometry

Answer 18

Measures lung volumes, indicating respiratory health

Question 19

Measurement by a spirometer?

Answer 19

Lung volumes like tidal volume

Question 20

Diaphragm movement during inspiration?

Answer 20

Contracts and flattens

Question 21

Stomata

Answer 21

Tiny pores on leaves for gas exchange

Question 22

Factors affecting transpiration rate?

Answer 22

Temperature, wind, humidity, light intensity

Question 23

Function of waxy cuticle on leaves?

Answer 23

Prevents water loss

Question 24

Effect of light on transpiration?

Answer 24

Increases with higher light intensity

Question 25

Capillary Action

Answer 25

Moves water from roots to leaves

Question 26

Main function of stomata?

Answer 26

Regulate gas exchange and water loss

Question 27

Transpiration

Answer 27

Loss of water vapor from plants

Question 28

Effect of humidity on transpiration?

Answer 28

Higher humidity decreases transpiration

Question 29

Role of guard cells in leaves?

Answer 29

Regulate stomata opening

Question 30

Stomatal Density

Answer 30

Number of stomata per unit leaf area