Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 1

pathological changes

Answer 1

hyperplasia of stroma and epithelial cells

Question 2

lower urinary tract symptoms

Answer 2

frequency 
straining to void
hesitancy 
urgency 
terminal dribbling 
incomplete emptying

Question 3

assessment

Answer 3

urine dipstick
PSA
rectal exam

Question 4

medications

Answer 4

alpha blocker - tamsulosin

5 alpha reductase inhibitor = finasteride

Question 5

tamsulosin dose

Answer 5

400mcg daily

Question 6

actions of tamsulosin and finasteride

Answer 6

t = relax smooth muscle 
f = block testosterone to reduce size of prostate

Question 7

4 surgical options

Answer 7

TURP
transurethral electrovaporisation of the prostate
holmium laser enucleation of prostate
open prostatectomy - abdomen

Question 8

TURP

Answer 8

access prostate through urethral and shave off tissue using diathermy

Question 9

TURP major complications

Answer 9

bleeding 
infection 
incontinence 
retrograde ejaculation 
strictures 
erectile dysfunction

Question 10

How to assess severity of LUTS

Answer 10

international prostate symptom score -IPSS

Question 11

IPSS

Answer 11

rate 0 to 5 on 7 questions
20-35 = severe
8-19 = moderate
0-7 = mild

Question 12

average volume of prostate

Answer 12

15-30cc

Question 13

where does cancer form and where does BPH occur - zones?

Answer 13

cancer - peripheral

BPH - transitional zone

Question 14

prevalence

Answer 14

50% 60 years

90% 85 years