Viral exanthema

Question 1

what is an exanthem?

Answer 1

eruptive widespread rash

Question 2

how many viral exanthemas are there?

Answer 2

6

Question 3

name the viral exanthema

Answer 3

measles
scarlet fever 
rubella
parvovirus B19
dukes disease and roseola infantum

Question 4

How is measles transmitted?

Answer 4

respiratory droplets

Question 5

measles - pathognomonic sign

Answer 5

koplik spots

Question 6

koplik spots

Answer 6

greyish white spots on buccal mucosa 2 days after fever

Question 7

measles rash

Answer 7

starts on face, behind ears 3-5 days after fever
spread to rest of body
erythematous, macular rash with flat lesions

Question 8

measles symptoms

Answer 8

fever, coryzal symptoms and conjunctivitis

Question 9

measles treatment

Answer 9

self-limiting 7-10 days

children isolated - notifiable disease (public health)

Question 10

What % of those with measles develop a complication?

Answer 10

30

Question 11

measles complication

Answer 11

pneumonia 
diarrhoea 
dehydration 
encephalitis/meningitis 
hearing or vision loss 
death

Question 12

scarlet fever association

Answer 12

group A strep - tonsillitis

Question 13

scarlet fever caused by..

Answer 13

exotoxin produced by strep pyogenes - group A strep

Question 14

signs of scarlet fever - rash

Answer 14

red-pink blotchy, macular rash with sandpaper skin
starts on trunk and spreads outwards
red, flushed cheeks

Question 15

other features of scarlet fever

Answer 15

fever, lethargy, sore throat
strawberry tongue
cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 16

treating scarlet fever

Answer 16

phenoxymethylpenicillin 10days

notifiable disease

Question 17

2 conditions associated with group A strep infection

Answer 17

post strep glomerulonephritis

acute rheumatic fever

Question 18

rubella

Answer 18

resp droplets, 2 weeks after exposure
erythematous macular rash
mild fever, joint pain, LN

Question 19

rubella complications

Answer 19

thrombocytopenia and encephalitis

Question 20

rubella - pregnancy

Answer 20

congenital rubella syndrome

deafness, blindness and CHD

Question 21

Other names for Parvovirus B19

Answer 21

slapped check

erythema infectiosum

Question 22

parvovirus B19 complications

Answer 22

aplastic anaemia

Question 23

parvovirus B19 at risk groups

Answer 23

pregnant women, immunocompromised

sickle cell, thalassaemia, hereditary spherocytosis and haemolytic anaemia

Question 24

parvovirus B19 high risk group what to check

Answer 24

FBC

reticulocyte count

Question 25

roseola infantum main complication

Answer 25

febrile convulsions