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E: BIO 107 > Bio107-ch15EYE > Flashcards

Bio107-ch15EYE Flashcards

1
Q

Sensory receptors provide

A

external and internal environmental information to the CNS

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2
Q

Sensory receptors act as

A

transducers

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3
Q

Transducers convert

A

energy into depolarization

through action potential

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4
Q

Receptors produce _____ potentials that may stimulate ______ potentials

A

graded

action

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5
Q

Sensory receptors are ______ selective

A

highly

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6
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

detect changes in chemical environment

taste buds, olfactory epithelium

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7
Q

Photoreceptors

A

detect light

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8
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

temperature

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9
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

mechanical distortion or pressure

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10
Q

Propioceptors

A

position of muscles and joints

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11
Q

Nociceptors

A

pain

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12
Q

Osmoreceptors

A

solute concentration

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13
Q

Sensory adaption/receptor ______ its response to stimulus over time

A

decreases

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14
Q

Tonic adaption

A

receptors do NOT adapt or adapt slowly

pain receptors

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15
Q

Phasic adaption

A

receptors ADAPT rapidly

odor, touch

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16
Q

The eye:

Light perception

A

rods and cones in retina

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17
Q

Light regulation

A

iris

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18
Q

Accommodation

A

focus

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19
Q

Interpretation

A

CNS

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20
Q

In the eye, light rays enter through the _____, then pass to the ______

A

cornea

retina

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21
Q

Fovea centralis (3)

A
  1. focal point at the back of the eye
  2. has the greatest acuity
  3. cont. only CONES
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22
Q

Sclera

A

white part of eye

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23
Q

Choroid

A

contains a lot of blood vessels

dark/black outline in pic

24
Q

Retina

A

contains the rods that take in light

25
Q

Optic Nerve

A

blind spot because there’s no rods/cones

a cranial nerve

26
Q

Suspensory ligament (3)

A
  1. helps stretch or relax ligaments
  2. helps determine light
  3. invuluntary
27
Q

Iris

A
  1. colored part

2. determined by MYLONALYTES

28
Q

Anterior chamber

A

front space of eye

29
Q

Posterior chamber

A

back space of eye

30
Q

Cornea

A

clear lens

31
Q

Pupil

A
  1. a hole/black tunnel

2. where the light travels through to the fovea

32
Q

Lens

A

suspense the eye

33
Q

Aqueous humor

A

clear

as you get older or diseased it can turn grey

34
Q

Vitreous humor

A

helps deal with pressure in the eye

35
Q

Refraction

A

bending of light rays

36
Q

Refracted first by the _____ then by the _____

A

cornea

lens

37
Q

Visual Axis

A

straight through the eye and to the back

light rays that pass directly to the central fovea follow this

38
Q

Accomodation

A

focusing of the lens for clearer vision

39
Q

Distance vision the lens is

A

FLAT from front to back

40
Q

Near vision the lens is

A

THICK from front to back

41
Q

Contraction makes the lens

A

thicker

close = contraction

42
Q

Relaxation pulls the lens

A

flat

distance = relaxation

43
Q

Myopic eye

A

nearsighted

44
Q

Hyperopic eye

A

farsighted

45
Q

Emmetropic

A

normal, healthy eye, perfect vision

46
Q

Abstigma

A

abnormal in the cornea and/or lens

47
Q

Iris deals with

A

light regulation and regulates the size of the pupil

48
Q

Contracted iris

A

small pupil size

49
Q

Dilated iris

A

larger pupil size

50
Q

Light is perceived by (2)

A
  1. Visual Rods

2. Visial Cones

51
Q

Rhodopsin

A

photopigment (visual purple)

in RODS*

52
Q

Things about RODS (5)

A
  1. High sensitivity- helps at night time
  2. More photopigment
  3. Slow response, long integration time
  4. Low acuity- does NOT help you see
  5. Achromatic- ONE type of ROD pigment
53
Q

Things about CONES (5)

A
  1. Low sensitivity- for day vision
  2. Less photopigment
  3. Fast response, short integration time
  4. High acuity
  5. Chromatic- 3 types of CONES each with a different pigment
54
Q

Role of Vitamin A (4)

A
  1. eye health
  2. effects rods more than cones
  3. night blindness
  4. causes a decrease in retinal
55
Q

Color vision:

3 types of cones

A
  1. blue cone
  2. green cone
  3. red cone
56
Q

If missing one of the 3 types of CONES, then

A

colorblind

57
Q

Colorblindness is passed along the

A

X chromosome

mostly men are affected

E: BIO 107 (17 decks)

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