Bovien GI - Intestinal Flashcards
What are the two forms of simple acute indigestion?
Rumen indigestion (most common)
Small intestine (gas in the intestine bowel —> colic) —usually isolated cases — any stage of lactation (higher risk in post partum)
Clinical signs of acute indigestion?
Colic and discomfort.
Rumen stasis
Normal rectal temp
Tachycardia and tachypena
Severity of colic signs associated to amount of fluid and gas accumulation int he gut
What do you usually find on rectal palpation in a case of simple acute indigestion with small bowel obstruction?
Extremely distended loops
Fibrin or crepitus on rectal palpation
Blood in stool
Deterioration in CV signs
What are the goals of treating simple acute indigestion?
Reestablish normal GI motility and flora
Evacuate the GI tract intending to eliminate the causative agent.
— oral laxative-ruminatoric mixtures
—Ca2+ parentally
—esophageal tube to release bloat
—avoid excessive tax with alkalinizing products (mg and met alkalosis)
—mineral oil oral
How does listeriosis cause rumen stasis and vomiting?
Causes encephalitis and meningitis —> affecting vagal nucleus which regulates mastication/regurgitation (CN V, IX, X, XII)
What are obstructive diseases of the small intestine?
Volvulus
Torsion
Intussusception
Obstruction (hemorrhagic bowel syndrome)
Clinical signs associated with obstructive disease of the small intestine ?
Acute onset of anorexia and GI stasis
Abdominal distention (right ventral quadrant
Absence of manure production
Fluid distended bowel —> ballottement and auscultation (RLQ)
Metabolic alkalosis
Rectal and/or ultrasound findings of distended loops of small bowel
Progressive deterioration: Increased hydration, attitude, heart rate
Other ddx for colic in cattle?
Simple indigestion — rx gas and fluid
Obstructive dz
Acute pyelonephritis or other painful UTI
Cecal distention of volvulus (rectal palp)
Uterine torsion
Hematoma of mesentery
What is thought to be the cause of hemorrhagic bowel syndrome?
Low Cu AND/OR clostridium perfringens type A OR Aspergillus
What is the signalment of cattle with fat necrosis?
Over conditioned, middle aged cattle
In fatty liver and chronic ketotic dairy cows
Beef cattle in fescue pasture
Clinical signs of fat necrosis ?
Partial anorexia
Loose manure followed by none
Abdominal distention
Mild colic vague illness
Partial or fully extracellular intestinal obstruction
Rx of rat necrosis?
Resection of affected areas
Poor prognosis
Cow displaying inappetence, reduced manure production, abdominal distention, and reduced milk production..
Ping in right flank most dorsocaudal
Top ddx?
Cecal dilation and volvulus
RDA
Treatment of cecal dilation/volvulus?
Laxative ruminotorics (in warm water)
Ca solutions as needed
Fix root of inertia
Surgical
— cecotomy/typhlotomy
