Campylobacter and Helicobacter

Question 1

What is the habitat of campylobacter?

Answer 1

intestinal and genital tracts of domestic animals

Question 2

General appearance of campylobacter

Answer 2

slender, curved, gram-neg rods in gull-wing shapes and spiral forms

Question 3

Oxygen requirements of campylobacter

Answer 3

microaerophilic

Question 4

Culture requirements of campylobacter

Answer 4

MAC or enriched media - skirrow campylobacter agar, butxler agar, charcoal agar
note: motile, non-fermentative, oxidase-pos

Question 5

What temperature does C. jejuni grow at?

Answer 5

thermophilic - 42C

Question 6

What temperature does C. fetus grow at?

Answer 6

25C

Question 7

Diagnosis of disease causeed by campylobacter

Answer 7

culture and ID
staining with dilute carbol fuchsin
PCR

Question 8

Virulence factors of campylobacter

Answer 8

LPS
microcapsule (S layer)
outer membrane proteins
adhesion proteins
flagella
type IV secretion system

Question 9

Treatment and control of campylobacter

Answer 9

antibiotics - depends on strain and species effected
isolation of sick
vaccination

Question 10

What antibiotics are campylobacter spp resistant to?

Answer 10

quinolones

Question 11

Causative agent of Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis

Answer 11

Campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis

Question 12

Transmission of campylobacter fetus subsp venerealis

Answer 12

during coitus
bulls = indefinite carriers
1/3 cows = carriers

Question 13

Diagnosis of Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis

Answer 13

isolation and identificatio (does require special transport media)
FA
vaginal mucus agglutination test
ELISA
PCR

Question 14

Treatment of Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis

Answer 14

dihydrostreptomycin - systemic, topically, intrauterine

Question 15

Is there a vaccination to prevent Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

Causative agent of Ovine Genital Campylobacteriosis

Answer 16

campylobacter fetus subsp fetus
campylobacter jejuni

Question 17

How is ovine genital campylobacteriosis trasnmitted?

Answer 17

fecal-oral route

Question 18

Clinical signs of ovine genital campylobacteriosis

Answer 18

necrotic pplacentitis - late abortions
stillborn or weak lambs
in aborted lambs: round necrotic lesions with pale raised rims and dark depressed centers on liver surface

Question 19

Is there any immunity associated with natural infection (and recovery) from ovine genital campylobacteriosis?

Answer 19

yes
recovered ewes are immune for at least 3 years

Question 20

Diagnosis of ovine genital campylobacteriosis

Answer 20

hepatic lesions in aborted lambs
culture and isolation

Question 21

Treatment and control of ovine genital campylobacteriosis

Answer 21

isolate aborting ewes
remove aborted fetuses and placentae
vaccination
chlortetracycline

Question 22

Causative agent of avian vibronic hepatitis

Answer 22

campylobacter jejuni

Question 23

Transmission of avian vibronic hepatitis

Answer 23

chicks aquire infection from feed, water and litter

Question 24

Clinical signs of avian vibronic hepatitis

Answer 24

usually asymptomatic
drop in egg production
listless
loss of condition
hemorrhage and multifocal liver necrosis

Question 25

Is avian vibronic hepatitis zoonotic?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

Diagnosis of avian vibronic hepatitis

Answer 26

demonstration of curved rods with darting motility in bile using ohase contrast microscopy

Question 27

Treatment of avian vibronic hepatitis

Answer 27

dihydrostreptomycin in foos - early

Question 28

Causative agent of intestinal campylobacteriosis in dogs

Answer 28

campylobacter spp

Question 29

Which group of dogs are most at risk for intestinal campylobacteriosis?

Answer 29

immunosuppressed dogs - shed in feces of healthy dogs (usually self limiting)

Question 30

Diagnosis of intestinal campylobacteriosis in dogs

Answer 30

large number of campylobacter-like organisms in DCF-stained fecal smear or rectal scrapings

Question 31

Treatment of intestinal campylobacteriosis in dogs

Answer 31

erythromycin but usually self-limiting

Question 32

General characteristics of helicobacter spp

Answer 32

helical shaped gram neg microaerophilic oxidase + catalase +

Question 33

Habitat of helicobacter

Answer 33

GIT of healthy dogs and cats

Question 34

Disease conditions associated with non-helicobacter pylori helicobacters

Answer 34

usually asymptomatic diarrhea vomting weight loss emaciation

Question 35

Disease conditions associated with H. pyloris

Answer 35

mostly associated with human GIT infestions found in dogs, cats and rhesus macaques

Question 36

Diagnosis of helicobacter

Answer 36

difficult to culture PCR gastric biopsy urease test histology

Question 37

Treatment of GI helicobacter infection in dog/cat

Answer 37

combination antibiotics + stomach acid inhibitor