Mycoplasma

Question 1

Media required for mycoplasma spp

Answer 1

soft agar with 20% serum + antibiotics

Question 2

Do mycoplasma spp stain well with gram stain?

Answer 2

no - lack cell wall
also very small

Question 3

Are mycoplasma spp reistant to penicillin?

Answer 3

yes - resistant to antibiotics that affect cell wall

Question 4

Oxygen requirements for mycoplasma spp

Answer 4

facultative anaerobes

Question 5

Tranmission of mycoplasma spp

Answer 5

aerosol
venereal
vertical

Question 6

Virulence factors of mycoplasma spp

Answer 6

capsular material
contractile protein
cytotoxins
endotoxin
metabolic competition
surface antigen variation

Question 7

Appearance of mycoplasma in culture

Answer 7

fried egg appearance

Question 8

Causative agent of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP)

Answer 8

mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides

Question 9

Where is CBPP endemic?

Answer 9

Africa, Asia, Middle East, Mediterranean

Question 10

Differentials for mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides (CBPP)

Answer 10

Pasteruella and Mannheimia
hemorrhagic septicemia

Question 11

Clinical signs of CBPP

Answer 11

fever
labored breathering
cough
head extended
mucopurlulant nasal discharge
death 1-3 weeks

Question 12

CBPP Diagnosis

Answer 12

clinical signs
postmortem lesions
FA test on pleural fluid
ELISA
latex agglutination tests

Question 13

Prevention of CBPP

Answer 13

serological testing of cattle before importation
test and claughter
treatment = carriers = not recommended
vaccinate in endemic areas

Question 14

Causative agent of mycoplasma in sheep and goats

Answer 14

mycoplasma agalactiae

Question 15

Where is m. agalactiae a cause of concern?

Answer 15

worldwide distribution
but mostly an issue in Europe

Question 16

Clinical manifestations of m. agalactiae in sheep and goat

Answer 16

severe mastitis
reduced milk production
complete fibrosis
septicemia
death
arithitis in animals that survive and recover

Question 17

Treatment of mycoplasma in sheep and goats

Answer 17

tetracycline

Question 18

Control of mycoplasma in sheep and goats

Answer 18

cull affected animals

Question 19

Causitive agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP)

Answer 19

M. capricolum subsp capripneumoniae

Question 20

Where is CCPP endemic?

Answer 20

Africa and Middle East

Question 21

Clinical signs of CCPP

Answer 21

fever
accelerated respiration
coughing
extended neck
continuous salivation
mucopurulent nasal discharge
inability to move
death

Question 22

Is M. capricolum subsp capripneuomoniae easy to culture?

Answer 22

no - difficult to isolate and grow

Question 23

CCPP diagnosis

Answer 23

frozen samples are best
special mycoplasma media used
pleural fluid on filter paper can be sent for PCR
serodiagnosis via latex agglutination tests

Question 24

Prevention and control of CCPP

Answer 24

test and slaughter
endemic regions: vaccines and antibiotics

Question 25

What antibiotics are used to treat CCPP in endemic areas?

Answer 25

tetracyclines tylosin tiamulin

Question 26

What is MAKePS syndrome?

Answer 26

disease caused by various mycoplasmas causes: mastitis arthritis keratitis pneumonia septicemia

Question 27

Treatment for MAKePS

Answer 27

tetracycline but not for mastitis - cull

Question 28

Causative agent of ovine eperythrozoonosis

Answer 28

mycoplasma ovis

Question 29

Clinical signs of ovine eperythrozoonosis

Answer 29

fever anemia enlarged soft spleen death

Question 30

Carriers of mycoplasma ovis

Answer 30

ewes +/- arthropods

Question 31

Diagnosis of ovine eperythrozoonosis

Answer 31

blood smear FA on body fluids

Question 32

Treatment of ovine eperythrozoonosis

Answer 32

tetracycline

Question 33

Causative agent of swine mycoplasmoses - enzootic pneumonia

Answer 33

M. hyopneumoniae

Question 34

Signs of M. hyopneumoniae

Answer 34

coughing poor growth postmortem: consolidation of apical, cardiac lobes

Question 35

Diagnosis of m. hyopneumoniae

Answer 35

FA on sample culture

Question 36

Treatment for m. hyopneumoniae

Answer 36

tylosin tiamulin linocmysin

Question 37

How are the vaccines for m. hyopneumoniae?

Answer 37

poor protection

Question 38

Causative agent of chronic polyserositis, arthritis in young pigs

Answer 38

M. hyorhinis

Question 39

Clinical signs of M. hyorhinis

Answer 39

fever labored breathing lamness swollen joints postmortem: serofibrinous pleurisy, pericarditis, peritonitis

Question 40

Diagnosis of M. hyorhinis

Answer 40

lesions culture

Question 41

Differentials for M. hyorhinis

Answer 41

haemophilus parasuis streptococcus suis

Question 42

Treatment of M. hyorhinis

Answer 42

tylosin or lincomycin early

Question 43

Causative agent of polyarthritis in pigs 10-30 weeks of age

Answer 43

M. hyosynoviae

Question 44

Diagnosis of M. hyosynoviae

Answer 44

culture ID

Question 45

Prevention of M. hyosynoviae

Answer 45

early weaning prophylatic tylosin in feed

Question 46

Is there a vaccine for M. hyosynoviae?

Answer 46

no

Question 47

Diseases caused by M. gallisepticum

Answer 47

chronic respiratory illness - chickens infectious sinusitis - turkeys

Question 48

Signs of chronic respiratory illness

Answer 48

nasal discharge tracheal rales coughing sneezing

Question 49

Signs of infectious sinusitis

Answer 49

swelling of paranasal sinuses conjunctivitis decreased growth decreased egg production

Question 50

Diagnosis of M. gallisepticum

Answer 50

culture HI on serum

Question 51

Treatment of M. gallisepticum

Answer 51

tetracyclines - feed tylosin - water

Question 52

Prevention of M. gallisepticum

Answer 52

developing disease free flocks dip eggs in tylosin and heat to 46C vaccines (?)

Question 53

Causative agent of infectious synovitis in poultry

Answer 53

M. synoviae

Question 54

Signs of M. synoviae

Answer 54

synovitis arthritis lameness respiratory signs

Question 55

Diagnosis of M. synoviae

Answer 55

culture serology

Question 56

Treatment of M. synoviae

Answer 56

tetracyline - feed lincomycin-spectinomysin - water

Question 57

What does M. cynos cause?

Answer 57

part of kennel cough complex

Question 58

What does M. canis cause?

Answer 58

endometritis infertility

Question 59

What does ureaplasma species cause?

Answer 59

possible infertility (canine)

Question 60

What does M. haemocanis cause?

Answer 60

infectious anemia of splenectomized or immunocompromised dogs

Question 61

Diagnosis of canine mycoplasmoses

Answer 61

culture: coccoid organisms seen on RBCs PCR isolation can be difficult

Question 62

Treatment of canine mycoplasmoses

Answer 62

doxycycline for acute cases

Question 63

What does M. felis cause?

Answer 63

conjunctivitis - young cats repiratory disease arthritis

Question 64

What does M. gatae cause?

Answer 64

chronic arthritis/tenosynovitis

Question 65

What does M. haemofelis cause?

Answer 65

feline infectious anemia - contagious disease, especially in flea infested free roaming cats

Question 66

Tramission of M . haemofelis

Answer 66

bite wounds vertical

Question 67

Signs of M. haemofelix

Answer 67

servere hemolytic anemia death chronic, weak carriers

Question 68

Diagnosis of feline mycoplasmoses

Answer 68

blood smear FA PCR non-culturable

Question 69

Treatment of feline mycoplasmoses

Answer 69

tetracyclines fluoroquinaolones blood transfusion

Question 70

Do mycoplasmas cause disease in horses?

Answer 70

not commonly but can m. felis m. equigenitalium

Question 71

Do mycoplasmas cause disease in rodents?

Answer 71

yes m. pulmonis - respiratory disease