CARDIOLOGY 3 Flashcards
(33 cards)
describe the pathophysiology of subaortic stenosis
-little nodule sits below aortic valve
-causes obstruction
-LV must generate more pressure during systole
-LV hypertrophy
what is the breed predisposition to subaortic stenosis?
boxers, newfoundland, etc
what is the patient’s history in subaortic stenosis?
what is seen in the physical exam?(systolic or diastolic murmur?)
history:
-asymptomatic
-etc
exam:
-systolic murmur
-poor pulse quality
what are possible tx options for subaortic stenosis?
what is the prognosis for subaortic stenosis?
-no good tx optins, ppl are trying breeding programs
-prognosis depends on severity. severe=poor prognosis
describe the pathophysiology for pulmonic stenosis
-similar to subaortic stenosis, however this time the valve itself is affected
-RV generates extra pressure
-RV hypertrophy
what is the history in pulmonic stenosis?
what is seen in the physical exam?
history:
-asymptomatic
-etc
exam:
-systolic murmur
what are possible tx options for pulmonic stenosis?
prognosis?
-tx: interventional (balloon valvuloplasty), medical, surgical
-prognosis: good in mild cases. 33%sudden death in severe cases
PDA is due to the presence of a vessel that connects which two structures/vessels?
aorta n pulmonary artery
what is the pahtophysiology for PDA?
-some oxygenated blood from aorta goes through the PDA, circulates in pulmonary vasculature
-goes back through pulmonary veins to left side of heart
-results in eecentric hypertrophy of left side of heart
breed predisp/signalment for PDA?
female
CKCS, poodle, german
what is the history in PDA?
what is seen in physical exam?
hisotry:
-asymptomatic
-failure to thrive etc
exam:
-continuous murmur or no murmur in reverse PDA
what is reverse PDA?
when the blood goes from pulmonary vasculature into the aorta instead of other way around
describe the diagnosis of PDA
-echocardiography
-radiographs: left sided enlargement n pulmonary overcirculation
describe the treatment of PDA
-this is true i most cases of PDA except…
-treatment requires closure! [unless its reverse! reverse acts as a relief for pulmonary hypertension, which was caused due to smth else]
-surgical ligation
-IV procedures
-medical management [[the main stuff you give for LCHF, discussed in cardio 2]]
describe the prognosis of PDA
good if closed. otherwise poor
describe the pathophysiology for mitral valve dysplasia
-abnormal formation of mitral valve
-volume overload
-eccentric left sided hypertrophy
signalment/breed predisposition for mitral valve dysplasia?
bull terriers <3
what is the tx options for mitral valve dysplasia?
prognosis?
what is the pathophysiology for tricuspid valve dysplasia?
-leaky tricuspid, leakage into right atrium
-eecentric hypertrophy of RA, RV
-can result in R CHF
signalment/breed predisposition for tricuspid valve dysplasia?
labs
what is the history of tricuspid valve dysplasia?
what is seen of physical examinations?
history:
exam: -systolic murmur, typically on R
-if RCHF: abdominal distension or jugular distention
what can be seen on radiography of tricuspid valve dysplasia?
right-sided enlargement
what are tx options for tricuspid valve dysplasia?
-medical managmenet
-interventional
-paracentesis
-surgical
