REPRO 6

Question 1

what are some (3) cardiovascular n haematological physio changes during pregnancy?

Answer 1

-increased blood volume->RBC dilution -> relative anaemia
-poor venous return -> hypotension
-increased clotting factors
-hypocalcaemia
-hypoprotanaemia
-engorged epidural vessels lead to less epidural space

Question 2

what are some modification to anaesthesia/monitors to accomodate for cardiovascular n haematological physio changes during pregnancy?

Answer 2

-decrease volume for epidural drugs
-BP monitoring, fluids, others

Question 3

what are some (2) respiratory physio changes during pregnancy?

Answer 3

-enlarged abdomen -> atelectasis risk
-high O2 requirement -> hypoxaemia risk

Question 4

what are some modification to anaesthesia/monitors to accomodate for respiratory physio changes during pregnancy?

Answer 4

-pre-oxygenation
-mechanical ventilation

Question 5

what are some (2) GI physio changes during pregnancy?

Answer 5

-delayed gastric emptying
-progesterone-induced muscle relaxation
-gastrin hormone, lower gastric pH

Question 6

what are some modification to anaesthesia/monitors to accomodate for GI physio changes during pregnancy?

Answer 6

Question 7

Overall physiological deterioration of the mother will likely be more pronounced in the foetus. what are some examples/reasons for this?

Answer 7

-no foetal blood flow autoregulation
-pain during partuition can decrease uterine blood flow
-lack of physical stimulation by licking in a cesarian causes respiratory issues

Question 8

what are some factors to keep in mind when providing anaesthesia to a non-partient pregnant patient?

Answer 8

-postpone if possible
-reduce doses by 25-30%

Question 9

what is the APGAR scoring systme for cesarean puppies?

Answer 9