Flashcards in Cardiovascular Deck (327)
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1
what is the sequence of events through the hear in one beat
1) SA node
2) Atria
3) AV node
4) AV bundle (of His)
5) Purkinje fibers
6) Ventricles
2
there is a time delay of __s from atria to ventricle
about 0.1second
3
___ transmits signal __X faster then normal ventricular fibers
purkinje fibres
6X
4
where are most of the parasympathetic nerve endings concentrated in the heart
atria
including the SA and AV nodes
5
the ____ fibres supply the SA and AV nodes and the muscle of the atria and ventricles
sympathetic nerve fibers
6
the contents of the vascular system could wrap around the world ___X
4
7
what are the three most basic roles of the cardiovascular system? provide an example for each
1) to transport nutrients to tissues (oxygen, glucose, lipids, amino acids)
2) to remove metabolic by-products from tissue (CO2, H+)
3) to transport hormones so they can exert their effects on target tissues
8
what are three limitations of the maximal rate of blood flow to metabolically active tissue
1) the heart has a limit with respect to the maximal amount of blood that it can pump each min (max CO)
2) there is a limited amount of total blood volume within the circulatory system that must perfuse a lot of different tissues
3) there is a limited density of capillaries in each different type of tissue, which directly limits the perfusion of that tissue
9
what is the cardiovascular system
a series of pipes (arteries, capillaries, veins) that enable the heart to pump blood through the different tissues of the body
10
what are the cardiovascular system components
a pump
a high pressure distribution circuit
exchange vessels
a low pressure collection circuit
11
the right side of the heart receives oxygen____ blood
receives oxygen poor
12
where does the right side of the heart get its blood
gets poor oxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs
13
where does the blood come from the body into the right side of the heart
superior and inferior vena cava
14
after flowing through the inferior and superior vena cava where does the blood go
into the right atria
15
from the right atria the blood goes through ___ valve into __
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
16
from the right ventricle the blood goes through ___ valve into the ____
pulmonary valve
pulmonary arteries to the lungs
17
the left side of the heart receives ____ blood
oxygenated blood
18
where does the left side of the heart get its blood
the lungs
19
where does the oxygenated blood come from
the pulmonary veins
20
where does the oxygenated blood go from the pulmonary veins
into the left atria
21
from the left atria the blood goes through __ valve into __
mitral valve
left ventricle
22
from the left ventricle the blood goes through ___ valve into the ___
aortic valve
aorta to the body
23
___ regulate the flow of blood through the chambers of the heart
valves
24
what influences the opening/closing of the valves
the pressure the heart creates when it contracts
25
the opening and closing of valves regulate ____ through the chambers of the heart
blood flow
26
the left ventricle starts to fill with blood when the ____ valve opens
mitral (bicuspid) (left side of heart)
27
it takes a lot of pressure to open the ____ valve
aortic
28
exercise is a good example of how simultaneous changes in factors influence the ___ ____ and ____
1) the pressure volume loop
2) affect ventricular pressures
3) affect volumes
29
during whole body exercise increased ____ to the heart generally causes a small increase in _____ volume
venous return
end-diastolic volume
30