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KM Master Sommelier Study > Central Italy > Flashcards

Central Italy Flashcards

(117 cards)

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1
Q

Which wine was the favourite of Dante Alighieri

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano

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2
Q

When was the Chianti zone delimited

A

1716, done by Cosimo III de Medici

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3
Q

What was the old squat, straw covered Chianti bottle called

A

Fiasco

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4
Q

When was Sassicaia first released commercially

A

1968 - released in 1971

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5
Q

Which was the first vintage of Tignanello

A

1971 - realeased in 1974

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6
Q

How many DOCG’s exist in Tuscany

A

11 DOCG

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7
Q

What are the 11 DOCG’s of Tuscany

A 
Brunello di Montalino
Carmignano
Chianti
Chianti Classico
Elba Aleatico Passito
Montecucco Sangiovese
Morellino di Scansano
Val di Cornia
Suvereto
Vernaccia di San Gimignano
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
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8
Q

What kind of climate do you find in Tuscany

A

Dry, mediterranean climate

Long and hot summers, harsh winters

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9
Q

What was the common vessel for ageing Sangiovese

A

Large Slavonian oak casks

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10
Q

What objectives did Colorino and Canaiolo achieve when blended with Sangiovese

A

Colorino - to add colour and power

Canaiolo - to soften Sangiovese’s hard attack and give floral, softer aromas

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11
Q

What was Chianti classico 2000 project

A

Started in 1987, it was a clonal research project on Sangiovese, to find higher quality clones

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12
Q

What is the name of Montepulciano clone of Sangiovese

A

Prugnolo Gentile

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13
Q

Which DOC region in Chianti Rufina permits higher percentage of International grapes and varietal bottlings

A

Pomino DOC

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14
Q

Which producers use Pomino DOC for their wines

A

Fattoria Selvapiana

Marchesi Frescobaldi

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15
Q

What year was Chianti elevetade to DOCG

A

1984

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16
Q

Who defined the classic blend of Chianti in 19th century

A

Baron Bettino Ricasoli

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17
Q

Which 4 villages are referred to as original Chianti villages, now part of Classico zone

A 
Radda
Gaiole
Castellina
Greve
All of them add in Chianti to their names now
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18
Q

What are the subzones of Chianti

A 
Rufina (Firenze)
Colli Fiorentini  (Firenze)
Montespertoli (Firenze)
Montalbano (Prato, Pistoria, Firenze)
Colli Senesi (Sienna)
Colli Aretini (Arezzo)
Colline Pisane (Pisa)
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19
Q

What is the varietal composition permitted in Chianti

A

70-100% Sangiovese
Max 30% other grapes
Max 10% White grapes
Max 15% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Franc

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20
Q

Which Chianti subzone has a different varietal composition than the rest

A 
Colli Senesi
75 - 100% Sangiovese 
No white grapes, 
max 25% others
max 10% Cabernet Sauvignon and Franc
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21
Q

What is the minimum alcohol required in Chianti

A

Chianti - 11.5%

Chianti Riserva - 12%

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22
Q

Which subzones of Chianti need 12% alcohol for Normale

A

Colli Fiorentini
Colli Senesi
Montespertoli
Rufina

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23
Q

Which zubzone of Chianti needs its riservas to be at min 13% alc

A

Colli Senesi

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24
Q

What are the ageing requirements for Chianti

A

Chianti - March 1 of next year release
Superiore - Sept 1 of next year
Riserva - min 2 yrs from Jan 1

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25
Which subzone requires 3 months extra ageing for its Chianti
Montespertoli
26
Which subzones want their Chiantis to be aged 6 months extra, like superiore in others
Colli Fiorentini | Rufina
27
Which subzones specify min 6 months wood ageing for Chianti Riserva
Colli Fiorentini Riserva | Rufina Riserva
28
Which Chianti subzone specify 8 months wood and 4 months bottle ageing for it's reservas
Colli Senesi Riserva
29
What are the max permitted yields in Chianti
9 tons/ha 8 tons/ha for subzones 7.5 tons/ha for Superiore
30
What are the common soil types in Chianti Classico
Galestro - soft friable marl like soil | Albarese - sandstone soils
31
Which soil type in Chianti classico is considered better for Sangiovese
Galestro
32
What are the communes of Chianti Classico
``` In Siena:- Radda Gaiole Castellina Castelnuove Berrardenga Poggibonsi ``` ``` In Firenze:- Greve Barberino (Val d'Elsa) San Casciano (Val di Pesa) Tavernelle (Val di Pesa) ```
33
What are the permitted varieties in Chianti Classico
Sangiovese - 80 - 100% Others - Max 20% No white varieties
34
What are the min alcohol and max yields permitted in Chianti Classico
Classico - 12%, 7.5 tons/ha Riserva - 12.5%, 7.5 tons/ha Gran Selezione - 13%, 7.5 tons/ha
35
What are the min ageing requirements for Chianti Classico
Classico - 1 year (Oct 1 release) Riserva - 2 year, 3 months in bottle Gran Selezione - 30 months, 3 months in bottle
36
Which classification of Chianti Classico is limited to only estate fruit
Gran Selezione
37
Who invented Brunello style
Clemente Santi of Tenuta Greppo
38
Which was the first vintage of Biondi Santi Brunello di Montalcino
1865
39
Which was the first iconic Brunelli di Montalcino Riserva vintage from Biondi Santi
1888
40
Which other DOCG overlaps Brunello di Montalcino
Chianti Colli Senesi
41
What kind of soils are found in Brunello
Galestro soils in high altitude vineyards Clay based soils in southern reaches Fossilised Marine deposits scattered in the vineyards
42
Which producers represent the traditional wine making in Brunello di Montalcino
Biondi Santi Talenti Soldera
43
Which producers believe in small casks to flesh out their Brunellos
Casanova di Neri | Mastrojanni
44
Which unofficial subzones of Brunello (Frazioni) provide distinction in their wines
Sant Angelo in Colle Castelnuovo Abata Torrenieri
45
Which DOC is applicable to younger wines of Brunello with an early release
Rosso di Montalcino DOC - 1 year ageing
46
Which DOC is applicable for super Tuscan style wines with international grapes and blends in Brunello di Montalcino
Sant Antimo DOC
47
What is the minimum alcohol and max yield permitted in Brunello di Montalcino
12.5% alc 8 tons/ha Bordeaux bottle and cork stoppers only permitted
48
What are the ageing requirements in Brunello di Montalcino
Brunello - Min 2 years in wood, 4 months in bottle, release on Jan 1 on 5th year Riserva - Min 2 years in wood, 6 months in bottle, release on Jan 1 of 6th year
49
What grape variety and style of wine is produced in Moscadello di Montalcino
Min 85% Moscato Bianco | White still, sparkling and late harvest wines produced
50
What are the permitted grape varieties in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
Min 70% Sangiovese Max 30% combined others (both red and white grapes) Max 5% white varieties and Malvasia Bianca
51
What are the min ageing, alcohol and permitted yields in Vino Nobile de Montepulciano
Yields at 8 tons/ha for all catagories Nobile - 12.5%, 24 months (24 in wood, or 18 in wood and 6 alternative, or 12 in wood, 6 in alternative and 6 in bottle) Riserva: 13%, 3 years, at least 6 months in bottle
52
What grape variety and ageing is required for Rosso di Montalcino DOC
Sangiovese 100%, min 1 year ageing, 12% alc, 9 tons/ha max yields
53
What are the single vineyard wines of Rosso di Montalcino DOC designated as
Vigna, max yields reduced to 8 tons/ha
54
Which Maremma coastal area has a DOCG for Sangiovese based wines
Morellino di Scansano DOCG
55
What are the permitted varieties in Morellino di Scansano DOCG
Min 85% Sangiovese (Morellino) | Max 15% others
56
What are the min alc, ageing and yields required for Morellino di Scansano
Morellino - 12.5%, 6 months ageing, 9 tons/ha | Riserva - 13%, 2 years ageing, 1 in wood, 9 tons/ha
57
What are the permitted varieties for Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG
Min 90% Sangiovese | Max 10% others
58
What are the ageing requirements for the wines of Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG
Montecucco: April 1 of the second year after harvest (Min. 1 year in oak and 4 months in bottle) Riserva: September 1 of the third year after harvest (Min. 24 months in oak and 6 months in bottle)
59
Which Chianti Region does Carmignano DOCG overlaps
Chianti Montalbano
60
What are the permitted varieties in Carmignano
Min 50% Sangiovese 10-20% Cabernet Sauvignon and Franc Max 10% other white grapes of Chianti Max 10% other red grapes
61
What are the ageing requirements of Carmignano
Carmignano: Min 8 months in Oak or chestnut barrels Riserva: min 12 months in oak or chestnut barrels
62
Which subzone of Val di Cornia is awarded a seperate DOCG
Suvereto DOCG
63
Which style of wines are awarded a DOC in Val di Cornia
Bianco: 50% Vermentino Rosato: 40% Sangiovese Passito: Aleatico and Ansonica, varietal wines
64
What are the varietals needed for Val di Cornia DOCG reds
Min 40% Sangiovese Max 60% Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon Max 20% others
65
What are the minimum alcohol and ageing needed for Val di Cornia DOCG reds
Rosso: 12.5%, 6 months ageing | Riserva - 13%, 2 years ageing, 18 months in oak, 6 in bottle
66
What kind of wines are permitted in Suvereto DOCG
Rosso blended with Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, max 15% others Varietal reds with Sangiovese, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon at min 85% of the grape mentioned on the label.
67
Which super Tuscan uses 100% Cabernet Franc
Le Macchiole Paleo Rosso
68
Which were the first few 100% Sangiovese Supe Tuscans
San Felice Vigorello Montvertine Le Pergole Torte Isole e Olena Ceparello
69
Which grapes are used for Bolgheri DOC white wines
``` Vermentino - 70% max Sauvignon - 40% max Trebbiano Toscano - 40% max Others - 30% max Varietal Vermentino and Sauvignon Blanc also permitted ```
70
What kind of grapes are allowed in Bolgheri DOC Rosso
Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Cabernet Franc allowed upto 100% Syrah and Sangiovese allowed upto 50% Other reds permitted upto 30%
71
What are the ageing requirements for Bolgheri Rosso DOC
Rosso: 1 year Superiore: 2 years, min 1 year in oak
72
What are the grapes used and ageing requirements in Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC
Min 80% Cabernet Sauvignon, Max 20% others | Min 2 years ageing, 18 months in 225 L barriques
73
What kind of wines on Elba island have DOCG status
Passito wines from Aleatico grape (linked to muscat, red mutation), sweet red wines
74
Which is the only white wine DOCG of Tuscany
Vernaccia di San Gimignano
75
What kind of soils are found in Vernaccia di San Gimignano
Sandy, rock strewn soils
76
Which grapes are used commonly in making Vin Santo in Tuscany
Trebbiano and Malvasia, mostly Grechetto and Garganega permitted sometimes Rose versions with Sangiovese (min 50%)
77
What is Occhio di Pernice
Rose vin Santo produced with min 50% Sangiovese
78
What is the traditional wood and barrels for vin santo in Tuscany
Chestnut wood | Caratelli barrels - 50 ltr capacity
79
What styles and ageing process defines vin santo of Tuscany
The grapes are dried for t least early December Slow fermentation in 50 L caratelli barrels Aged for 3 to 8 years, never topped up, creating oxidative notes and amber hues May be dry, off dry or sweet, depending on length of fermentation and ageing May be fortified and labeled liquoroso
80
Which was the wine toasted by Enrico Ferni for first successful nuclear reaction test
Orvieto
81
What kind of wines are produced in Orvieto DOC
Mostly dry, upto sweet late harvest and noble rot white wines Min 60% Trebbiano Toscano (procanico) and Grechetto Max 40% others
82
What is the name given to Trebbiano Toscano in Umbria (Orvieto)
Procanico
83
What kind of soils are found in Orvieto
Tuffeau based soils with clay
84
What kind of wines are produced in Lago di Corbara DOC
Mainly reds produced from multiple international grapes and Sangiovese White and passito styles from Orvieto grapes and international varieties
85
Within which other DOC zone does Lago di Corbara DOC of Umbria lies
Orvieto DOC
86
What is Orvietano Rosso DOC
DOC for red wines produced from local and international grapes within Orvieto DOC
87
Which are the most noted producers of Sagrantino di Montefalco
Marco Caprai - modernist | Paolo Bea - traditional
88
Which producer of Torgiano Rosso is credited with getting a DOCG for its reservas
Lungarotti family
89
What kind of wines are produced in Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG
Secco or passito style sweet reds from powerful and very tannic Sagrantino grape (100%)
90
What is the minimum ageing required for Sagrantino di Montefalco
37 months minimum, at least 12 in wood and 4 in bottle
91
How much min - max RS is required for Passito wines of Sagrantino di Montefalco
80 g/l min | 180 g/l max
92
What are the DOCG's of Umbria
Sagrantino di Montefalco | Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG
93
What are the varietal, alcohol and ageing requirements for Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG
Min 70% Sangiovese, max 30% others | Min 12.5% alc, min 3 yrs ageing, 6 months in bottle
94
What are the DOCG's of Marche
``` Verdicchio di Matelica Riserva Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva Conero Rosso Riserva Vernaccia di Serrapetrona Offida ```
95
What are the climatic differences in Verdicchio from Metalica and Castelli di Jesi
Castelli di Jesi is on adriatic coast with maritime influence from sea, fuller and rounder wines Metalica is inland and higher altitude, sharper and focused wines
96
Which DOC zone surrounds Conero
Rosso Piceno DOC
97
What are the ageing requirements for Verdicchio di Metalica Riserva DOCG
18 months
98
What are the ageing requirements for Verdicchio di Castelli di Jesi Riserva DOCG
18 months, 6 in bottle
99
What are the grape varieties, alcohol and ageing requirements for Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG
Min 85% Montepulciano, Max 15% Sangiovese | Min 12.5% alc, 2 yrs ageing
100
What grapes are used and style of wines produced in Vernaccia di Serrapatrona DOCG
Vernaccia Nera - a red grape distinct fom Vernaccia white Dry and sweet sparkling red wines are produced Min 40% passito grapes are to be used in the production
101
What styles of wines are produced in Offida DOCG
White wines in varietal styles from Pecorino and Passerina grapes Red wines based on 85% Montepulciano
102
What are the ageing requirements for Offida DOCG Rosso
Min 24 months, 12 in wood, 3 in bottle
103
What kind of wines are produced in Lacrima di Morra di Alba DOC
``` Lacrima grape (min 85%) based red wines, dry and passito style Perfumed, floral and light, Pinot Noir like character of Lacrima grape shows quality potential ```
104
What kind of wines are produced in Cerasuolo de Abruzzo DOC
Rose wines from Montepulciano d'Abruzzo grape
105
What are the DOCG's of Abruzzo
Montepulciano d'Abruzzo Colline Terramane | Terre Tollesi/Tullum
106
What kind of wines are produced in Terre Tollesi
White wines in varietal styles from Pecorino and Passerina grapes Red wines based on min 95% Montepulciano Sparkling wines from min 60% Chardonnay
107
What are the varietal, min ageing and alcohol requirements for Montepulciano d'Abruzzo colline terramane DOCG
min 90% Montepulciano, max 10% Sangiovese 12.5% alc, 2 years ageing, 1 yr in oak or chestnut, 6 months in bottle Riserva: 3 yrs, 1 yr in oak or chestnut, 6 months in bottle
108
Which famous Montepulciano producers prefer to release their wines as DOC instead of DOCG
Edouardo Valentini | Emidio Pepe
109
Which grape variety is also called Bombino Bianco
Trebbiano d'Abruzzo
110
Which region of Italy has Rome as its city and regional capital
Lazio (Latium)
111
What are the DOCG's of Lazio
Frascati Superiore DOCG Cannelino di Frascati DOCG Cesanese del Piglio DOCG
112
Which estate is known for its red wines based on bordeaux varietals in Lazio
Falesco estate (Cabernet Merlot blends)
113
What kind of wines are produced in Frascati
White and sparkling wines based on Malvasia and Trebbiano Superiore styles have DOCG status, 1 yr min ageing Late harvest styles are called Cannelino di Frascati, min 35g/l RS, awarded DOCG status
114
What kind of wines are produced in Cesanese del Piglio DOCG
Cesanese based spicy, peppery red wines
115
What are the DOC's of Molise
``` Biferno Molise Tintilia di Molise Pentro di Isernia No DOCG's in Molise ```
116
What kind of wines are produced in Tintilia di Molise DOC
Rose and red wines based on Tintilia grape | Known for its full bodied spicy reds
117
What kind of wines are permitted in Biferno
Trebbiano Toscano based white wines | Montepulciano and Aglianico based Red and Rose wines

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