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KM Master Sommelier Study > Washington > Flashcards

Washington Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is the biggest producer in Washington

A

Chateau Ste Michelle

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2
Q

Who is the largest Riesling producer in the world

A

Chateau Ste Michelle

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3
Q

Which mountain range is there in Washington

A

Cascade mountain

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4
Q

Name the most important river of Washington

A

Columbia river

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5
Q

What kind of climate does Washington have

A

Continental. Hot summers and very cold winters
Big diurnal difference
Phylloxera virtually non existent
Dry climate with rainfall between 150 - 300mm

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6
Q

What are the reasons for Phylloxera to be non existant in Washington

A

Very cold winters
Sandy Soils
Distant vineyards

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7
Q

Why is Eastern Washington a dry area

A

Cascade mountains act as a barrier creating rain shadow effect.
Pacific winds cool the clouds and it rains in western washington 2000+ mm

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8
Q

What is Yakima fold belt

A

An east west ridgeline in Columbia valley basin encompassing most of the vineyards

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9
Q

Which are the warmest vineyards in Washington

A

Wahluke slope
Red Mountain
Horse Heaven hills
Due to south facing aspect and higher than 1000 ft elevation, getting more sunlight and less chances of frost

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10
Q

What vine trainings do Washington uses to avoid winer freeze and resultant loss of vines

A

Dual trunk training
Buried canes

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11
Q

What is dual trunk training

A

Growers train two separate trunks on the same vine in parallel, just an inch or two apart, from the ground up
This mitigates the risk by 50%

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12
Q

What is buried cane technique

A

Growers bury the entire fruiting cane below the ground in winter
If the canopy dies over winter, the grower can pull the fruiting cane up from under the soil and still get a crop the following year

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13
Q

What are the two key geographical events forming the geology of Washington

A

Volcanic eruptions during Miocene Epoch (17 to 6 m years ago)
Missoula floods 18K to 12K years ago

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14
Q

What are the anticlines and bedrock of washington made of

A

Basalt

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15
Q

What are the valley floor topsoil made of

A

Deposits of silt, sand and clay brought by missoula floods

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16
Q

Who is considered Father of Washington wines

A

Dr Walter Clore

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17
Q

Which winery consulted famous winemaker Andre Tchelistchef

A

American wine growers (Chateau ste Michelle)

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18
Q

Which Columbia winery hired British MW David Lake as head winemaker

A

Columbia Winery

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19
Q

Who made the famous Merlot bottlings in 90’s in Washington

A

Leonetti Cellars

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20
Q

What are the nested AVA’s in Columbia Valley (18 AVA’s)

A 
Yakima Valley, 
Red Mountain, 
Rattlesnake Hills, 
Snipes Mountain, 
Walla Walla Valley (WA/OR), 
The Rocks of Milton-Freewater (OR), 
Horse Heaven Hills, 
Wahluke Slope, 
Lake Chelan, 
Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley, 
Naches Heights
Royal Slope, 
Rocky Reach, 
The Burn of Columbia Valley, 
White Bluffs, 
Candy Mountain, 
Goose Gap
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21
Q

What are the AVA’s not nested in Columbia Valley (3)

A

Puget Sounds
Colombia Gorge
Lewis Clark Valley

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22
Q

What are the nested AVA’s in Yakima Valley

A

Red Mountain,
Snipes Mountain,
Rattlesnake Hills
Candy Mountain
Goose Gap

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23
Q

What are the nested AVA’s in Walla Walla

A

The Rocks of Milton-Freewater

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24
Q

Which AVA’s in Washington are both in Washington & Oregon state

A

Columbia Valley
Columbia Gorge
Walla Walla

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25
Name a key vineyard in Columbia Valley that is not part of any nestled AVA
Cold Creek Vineyard
26
Who own famous Cold Creek Vineyard
Chateau Ste. Michelle
27
Stillwater Creek is home to which estate winery
Novelty Hill
28
What was Washington's first AVA
Yakima Valley 1983
29
Which river passes through Yakima Valley AVA
Yakima River
30
Which AVA in Washington is close to the town of Prosser
Yakima Valley
31
What crop other than grape is Yakima valley famous for
Hops Over 70% of country's crop
32
Which vineyard in Yakima Valley first planted Syrah in Washington
Red Willow vineyard - 1986
33
On what elevation are generally the vineyards planted in Yakima valley
1000 - 1400 ft
34
Name some famous vineyards in Yakima Valley
Red Willow Vineyard Boushey Vineyard Otis Vineyard
35
Which vineyard first planted Cabernet Sauvignon in Washington
Otis vineyard in Yakima Valley 1957
36
Which is the warmest AVA in Washington
Red Mountain AVA
37
Why is red mountain AVA named so
Abundant cheat grass makes it look red in springtime
38
Name some top vineyards in Red Mountain AVA
Ciel du Cheval Kiona Klipsun
39
Name some estate producers in Red Mountain AVA
Col Solare Force Majeur Upchurch Vineyard
40
Explain the geography and climate of red mountain AVA
``` 16 hours of sunshine in summer Windy, arid climate High PH, nitrogen poor soils Elevation Significant diurnal shifts Moderating influence of Yakima river ```
41
What are the boundries defined for Snipes Mountain AVA
750 ft and above on Southern slopes 820 ft and above on Northern Slopes
42
What is the height of Snipes Mountain Summit
1310 ft
43
Which vineyard in Snipes mountain has oldest vinifera plantings? Which grape
Upland Vineyards Muscat of Alexandria - 1917
44
Which is the only estate producer in Snipes Mountain AVA
Upland Estate - Todd Newhouse
45
What are the appellation boundaries in elevetion for Rattlesnake Hills AVA
850 - 1600 ft
46
What is the average rainfall in Rattlesnake hills AVA
150mm
47
Which are the important varieties in Rattlesnake hills AVA
Riesling Cabernet Sauvignon
48
What are the top two estates and vineyards in Rattlesnake Hills AVA
Andrew Will Estate - Two Blondes Vineyard Cote Bonneville's -Dubrul Vineyard
49
What does Walla Walla means
Many Waters
50
What is Wallula Gap
The bottleneck of Missoula floods about 18000 - 12000 years ago. Columbia river now flows through it
51
What are the three rivers that confluence near Walla Walla
Columbia River Walla Walla River Snake River
52
Which mountain marks the eastern border of Walla Walla
Blue Mountain
53
What elevations are marked for Walla Walla vineyards
400 to 2000 ft (frost pressure below 850 ft though)
54
What are the two subregions of Walla Walla
Mill Creek North fork of Walla Walla Valley
55
What is the primary soil type in Walla Walla
Loess
56
Who planted first vinifera wines in Walla Walla
Gary Figgins - Leonetti Cellars 1977
57
Name four oldest wineries in Walla Walla
Leonetti Cellars Woodword Canyon LÉcole Waterbrook
58
Which two new wineries made a mark for Walla Walla wine scene
Cayuse - Rhone Varietals Pepper Bridge - Bordeaux Varietals
59
Whic new nestled AVA in Walla Walla is entirely in Oregon
Rocks of Milton Freewater
60
Which winery pioneered Rhone style wines to get the new AVA - Rocks of Milton Freewater
Cayuse
61
What kind of soils are found in Rocks of Milton Freewater AVA
Old riverbed soils with Galets like Chateauneuf du Pape. Flat surfaces
62
Name a few new and reknowned producers of Walla Walla
Gramacery Cellars Va Piano Rotie Cellars Amavi Cellars
63
What is Vinea
Founded by group of Walla Walla wineries An organisation committed to promoting sustainability among its members Currently counts 2/3rd of grape acreage in Walla Walla as its members
64
name few famous vineyards of Horse Heaven Hills
``` Champaux Vineyard Alder Ridge Phinny Hill Canoe Ridge Long Shadows Benches ```
65
Which famous wineries use Horse Heaven Hills fruit
Quilceda Creek Andrew Will
66
Climate and Geography of Horse Heaven Hills
Cooler than red mountain, warmer than Yakima Valley Most vineyards with southerly aspects Constant winds funneled through Columbia Gorge Frost is a threat
67
What does Wahluke slope means
Watering Hole
68
Which is the driest AVA in Washington
Wahluke slopes - less than 150 mm
69
Which river's bank is close to Wahluke slopes AVA
Columbia River
70
Name a famous vineyard in Wahluke Slopes
Wienbau Vineyard
71
What is special about geography of Ancient Lakes of Columbia valley AVA
35 glacial lakes moderate the temperature
72
Which is the only AVA falling outside the area impacted by Missoula floods in Columbia valley
Lake Chelan
73
Which grapes grow the best in Lake Chelan AVA
Pinot Noir Riesling
74
Which is the smallest AVA by planted area in Washington
Naches Heights - 50 acres
75
What kind of climate does Columbia Gorge has
Relatively cool and wet 900 mm rainfall Moderated by Columbia River Wind from west (pacific Ocean) keeps fungal diseases at bay
76
Which was the first vineyard in Columbia Gorge
Atavus Vineyard - 1968
77
Name few top producers in Columbia Gorge
Syncline Mamaloose/Idiot's Grace Analemma
78
Which is the most notable vineyard in Columbia Gorge
Celilo Vineyard
79
Where were the first vineyards in Pouget Sounds planted
On Stretch Island by Lambert Evans
80
Average rainfall in Pouget sounds
upwards of 2000 mm
81
Which new AVA has the famous stillwater Creek vineyard in it
Royal Slopes AVA located between the Wahluke Slope AVA and the adjacent Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley AVA
82
Which new AVA now has Sagemoor vineyard
White Bluffs AVA located on a plateau on the eastern side of the Columbia River, north from Red Mountain AVA
83
Which new AVA lies between Horse Heaven Hills and Columbia Gorge AVA
The Burn of Columbia valley AVA
84
Where is Rocky Reach AVA
Located in the northern aspect of the Columbia Valley between Ancient Lakes and Lake Chelan
85
Which is the smallest AVA in Washington
Candy Mountain AVA
86
Which is the newest AVA of Washington? Where is it located
Rocky Reach AVA northern aspect of the Columbia Valley between Ancient Lakes and Lake Chelan
87
Which is the smallest AVA in Washington
Candy Mountain AVA

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