Viticulture Flashcards

(54 cards)

1
Q

Which wild species does vinifera came from in early days

A

Vitis Silvestris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are Lianas

A

Plants that do not produce wood for support, but are rather structural parasites, example grapevine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are phototrops

A

Plants that seek the sun. They grow tall shoots and leaves to attract higher ratio of sunlight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is dioecious

A

Plants where both male and female plants exist and are needed to grow close together for pollination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is hermaphroditic plant

A

Plants that can self pollinate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a scion

A

The main vinifera bud above ground, connnected to a rootstock that grown underground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are lignified shoots

A

The shoots that turned brown after the first winter and became permanent wood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are spurs

A

Canes that are pruned for fruiting buds to grow from

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are internodes

A

Portion of stem between two nodes is called internode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which grape is known to produce three clusters per shoot

A

Carignan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is rachis

A

stem of the cluster is called rachis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are inflorescences

A

flower clusters that resemble immature grapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a bloom

A

A waxy coating on the berries that protects the fruit and collects the yeast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Ampelography

A

Science of identifying grape varieties based on berry size, looks of leaves and growth patterns of plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur

A

Primarily in leaves but may happen in any green tissue of the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Xylem

A

veins that carry water in the plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Phloem

A

Veins that carry sugar from the leaves to the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is adenosine triphosphate, or ATP

A

A reaction that converts sugar into usable energy in plants, happens using oxygen, 24 hours a day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the challanges with shaded buds

A

Shaded buds develop into less productive shoots, reducing the overall quantity of fruit over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is Ravaz index

A

the ratio of fruit weight to pruning weight in a vine. Ratio of 4 to 10 are considered balanced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the optimum internodes size

A

three to four inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the optimum shoot size

A

Roughly four feet

23
Q

What is Vitacae

A

The creeper family Vitis Vinifera belongs to

24
Q

Name two major genus of grape species

A

Vitis (38 chromosomes)
Muscadinia (40 chromosomes)

25
Name key grape species used in wine making
Vitis Vinifera Vitis Labrusca Vitis Amurensis Muscadinia Rotundifolia
26
Name key grape species used as rootstock
Vitis Rupestris Vitis Riparia Vitis Berlandieri
27
Which rootstock was a hybrid between Vitis Vinifera and Vitis Rupestris
AXR1 - had a low resistance for phylloxera
28
Which famous grape used for jams and jellies is a hybrid of Vitis Vinifera and Vitis Labrusca
Concord
29
What is the difference between a crossing and hybrid
Crossing is the result of breeding between same species, while hybrid is a breeding between two species; interbreeding
30
Which Vitis variety is famous for it's foxy flavours when made into wine
Vitis Labrusca
31
What is Frontenac
A very cold hardy and mildew resistant hybrid grape variety with vinifera like flavours,bred in University of Minnesota. Found in Red, Gris and Blanc versions
32
Which grape varieties made into wine are closest relatives of Vitis Sylvestris
Pinot Noir Gouais Blanc Savagnin
33
What is Alicante Bouschet
A crossing of Teinturier grape Petit Bouschet and Grenache
34
What are proles
Proles are the subdivision of grape varieties by physical characteristics and location of primary cultivation
35
What are the three proles of Vitis Vinifera
Proles Pontica (Aegean and Black Sea) Proles Occidentalis (Western Europe) Proles Orientalis (Middle East)
36
Name some famous Proles Pontica
Zinfandel Vermentino Furmint
37
Name some famous Proles Orientalis
Cinsault Muscat
38
Which chemical compound is responsible for aromatic flavours like rose, lychee and orange blossoms
Monoterpenes
39
What is the typical method to treat virusinfected cuttings in a nursery
Heat Treatment
40
Which virus affected the Gingin clone of Chardonnay grown in Australia
Leafroll Virus
41
What is Koshu
A hybrid of Vitis Vinifera (dominant) and vitis Davidii found in East Asia
42
Name some beneficial characteristics that rootstocks offer
Phylloxera Resistance Vigor Drought tolerence Pest and disease resistance adaptation to various soils
43
Which rootstock grows near river beds, making it low vigour with enough water availability
Vitis Riparia
44
Which rootstock is best suited for Limestone soils
Vitis Berlandieri, deep roots and draught tolerant
45
Which rootstock does not propagate from dormant buds and must be bred with another vine
Vitis Berlandieri
46
Which rootstock is the most draught tolerant
Vitis Rupestris
47
What happens if Vitis Rupestris rootstock is planted in fertile areas
It grows vigorous canopies
48
What is Terroir
Qualities that give wine a sense of place
49
Which climate produces higher yields, warmer or cooler
Warmer climate
50
What are growing degree days
Average temeparture in a climate between budbreak to harvest
51
What is a diurnal shift
Difference between day and night temperature
52
What is continentality
Difference between summer and winter temperatures
53
What is the major threat in continental climate
Spring and autumn frost
54