South Africa Flashcards
(157 cards)
1
Q
When was the first wine made in ZA
A
1659
2
Q
Who oversaw the first crush for winemaking in ZA
A
Commander Jan Van Riebeeck
3
Q
Who developed Constantia estate
A
Simon Van der Stel
4
Q
What was semillon historically called in ZA
A
Green Grape
5
Q
When did Phylloxera arrive in ZA
A
1886
6
Q
When was KWV established
A
1918
7
Q
Which two waterbodies affect ZA wine regions the most
A
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
8
Q
Which special climatic condition near ZA has its origin in Atlantic Ocean
A
Banguela current
9
Q
What does Banguela current do to Cape Vineyards
A
Cool ocean breezes slow the ripening in the vineyards, good for a warm climate
10
Q
What is Cape Doctor
A
South east winds originating in Indian Ocean, affecting Cape vineyards during Spring and Summer.
It can interfere in fruit set, but keeps the diseases and pests at bay
11
Q
What climate do we find in ZA
A
Mediterranean
Long dry summers and rain mainly in winter months
12
Q
What is the major threat to Cape vineyards
A
Availability of water, draught is the most major threat to viticulture in Cape vineyards
13
Q
What are the common soil types found in ZA vineyards
A
Very old soils of
decomposed granite
sandstone
quartz
shale
slate
14
Q
What is Cinsaut
A
South African name for Cinsault
15
Q
Which grape is known as Hermitage in ZA
A
Cinsault
16
Q
When was Pinotage created
Which grapes
A
1924
Cinsault X Pinot Noir
17
Q
Who created Pinotage
A
Dr. Abraham Izak Perold
1924
Stellenbosch University
18
Q
What is isoamyl acetate
A
Source of paint thinner aromas in wine
19
Q
What is the source of coffee aromas in Pinotage
A
Furfurylthiol
Formed from Furfural released by toasted staves during fermentation
20
Q
Which producer made first MCC wines
A
Simonsig
21
Q
Regulations for MCC
A
Any Grape
Any Region in ZA
Bottle fermented
Min 9 months on the lees
22
Q
How much RS is allowed to be labelled Brut for MCC
A
upto 15 g/l in Brut
upto 6g/l in Extra Brut
upto 3g/l in Brut Nature
23
Q
Name a few top MCC producers
A
Graham Beck
Le Lude
Charles Fox
24
Q
What was Leiberstein
A
A semi sweet chenin based wine in ZA in 1960’s
25
What is Muscadel in South Africa
Muscat Blanc et Petit Grains
26
What is Hanepoot in South Africa
Muscat of Alexandria
27
What is Jerepigo
A mistelle produced from Hanepoot in ZA
28
Which was the most planted clone of Pinot Noir in ZA
BK5
Swiss clone used for sparkling wine production
29
How large can a single vineyard site be in ZA
Not more than 6 ha
30
What are estate wines in ZA
Made from grapes farmed as a unit
Produced and bottled on the same estate
31
Minimum required by WO for -
Varietal labeling
Vintage
Place of Origin
Varietal labeling - 85%
Vintage - 85%
Place of origin - 100%
32
What are the rules for listing grapes in a blended wine in WO
Not necessary to list
If listed, then all grapes should be listed in order of dominence
Unless two or more make up 85% of the blend and each is at least 20%
33
What are the units in WO, biggest to smallest
Geographical units
Regions
Districts
Wards
34
Name 6 GU's of ZA
Eastern Cape
Northern Cape
Western Cape
Limpopo
Kwazulu Natal
Free State
35
What are the 5 regions in Western Cape GU
Breede River Valley
Klein Karoo
Olifants River
Cape South Coast
Coastal Region
36
What is the new overarching region available for Cape South Coast and Coastal region blends
Cape Coastal
37
What was Boberg
A region applied to fortified wines produced in districts of coastal region.
Now repealed since Feb 2019
38
What is Cape Coastal WO
Regional blending option created for fruits from Cape South Coast and Coastal Region
39
What are the districts of Northern Cape GU
Sutherland Karoo
Douglas
Central Orange River
40
What are the wards of Northern Cape GU - not part of a distt
Hartswater
Prieska
41
Which district has high elevation sites in Northern Cape
Sutherland Karoo
42
What is the ward in Eastern Cape
St Francis Bay
43
What is the ward in Free State
Rietrivier FS
44
What are the two districts in Kwazulu Natal
Central Drakensberg
Lions River
45
What are the districts in Breede River Valley Region
Breedekloof
Robertson
Worcester
46
Climate of Breede River Valley
Hot and dry climate
Lack of rains
Steady winds
47
What are the wards in Breedeskloof district
Slanghoek
Goudini
48
Which ward shows promise in Breedeskloof distt
Slanghoek, due to cooler microclimate
49
Who are breedekloof makers?
Group of a dozen small wineries in breedekloof who share information and understand terroir potential of the region
50
Which noted producer grows at mountain slopes in Breedekloof
Olifantsberg
51
Which is the coolest district of Breede river valley region
Robertson
52
What kind of soils are found in Robertson district
Limestone rich soils
53
What is the most important grape in Robertson district
Chardonnay
due to limestone soils
54
Which producer is famous for single vineyard chardonnays in robertson
de Wetshof
55
In which district is Graham Beck based
Robertson
56
Which Breede river valley region is known of Jerepigo & Brandy
Worcester district
57
What are the wards of robertson district
Agterkliphoogte
Ashton
McGregor
Boesmansrivier
Hoopsrivier
Vinfrivier
Zandrivier
Bonnievale
Eilandia
Goedmoed
Goree
Goudmyn
Klaasvoogds
58
What are the wards in Worcester district
Hex River Valley
Nuy
Scheorenheuvel
Stettyn
59
Which is the hottest and driest district in Breede River Valley Region
Worcester District
60
What is Steen
South African name for Chenin Blanc
61
Which Cape South Coast wards have no districts
Herbertsdale
Napier
Stilbaai East
62
Name the wards of Cape Agulhas District
Elim
63
What kind of soils are found in cape agulhas district
Layered shales
Iron rich Koffieklip
64
What is another name for Koffieklip soils
Ferricrete
65
What grape variety is Cape Agulhas most known for
Sauvignon Blanc
66
What are the district in Cape South Coast region
Cape Agulhas
Elgin
Overberg
Swellendam
Walker Bay
Plattenberg Bay
Lower Duivenhoks River
67
Key geographical features of Elgin district
Elevated bowl, ringed by mountains
300 - 500 m elevation
Coolest region in ZA
over 1000 m rainfall
68
What are the major climatic and disease concerns for Elgin producers
High rainfall - leading to high humidity and fungal disease pressure and fruit dilution
Frost
69
What kind of soils are found in Elgin
Decomposed sandstone
Shale
70
What are the key produces in Elgin
Apples and other orchard fruits, along with grape
71
Name two important wine producers in Elgin
Paul Cluver
Iona
72
What are the key grape varieties grown in Elgin
Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc
Riesling
Pinot Noir
Merlot
73
Which two major districts were once wards of Overberg district
Walker Bay
Elgin
74
What are the wards of overberg
Elandskloof
Greyton
Klein River
Theewater
75
What is the climate of overberg
Cool, wet and generally windy
76
Which ward of Overberg is Lismore Estate based in
Greyton ward
77
Describe key geographic and climatic conditions at Lismore estate in Grayton ward, Overberg
Steep vineyards at 320 meters rocky, shale and slate soils over clay and limestone.
High rainfall.
Pests (Baboons) pressure
78
Name the wards of Swellendam district
Buffeljags
Malgas
Stormsvlei
79
Which river flows through swellendam district and opens it to ocean influence
Breede river
80
Which Swellendam ward is closer to Ocean
Malgas
81
Name a famous producer in Malgas ward in Swellendam distt
Sjinn (sane)
82
What is special about Sjinn soil and climate
Weathered stones like Chateauneuf du pape found in soils
340-380 mm rainfall only
cool climate
83
What grape varieties does Sjinn grow
Rhone Varieties
Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Marsanne, Rousanne
84
What are the districts in Cape South Coast with no wards
Lower Duivenhoks river
Plattenberg Bay
Elgin
85
What are the wards of Walker Bay district
Bot River
Hemel en Aarde Valley
Upper Hemel en Aarde Valley
Hemel en Aarde Ridge
Sunday's Glen
Sprinfontein Rim
Stanford Foothills
86
Which two producers were Pioneers in Walker Bay District
Hamilton Russell
Bouchard Finlayson
87
Which coastal city is located in Walker Bay
Hermanus
88
What kind of soils are found in Walker Bay's Bot River Ward
Rocky shale
sandstone
89
Name two important estates in Bot River ward
Gabrielskloof - specialises in Syrah
Beaumont - specialises in Chenin Blanc
90
Who started viticulture in Hemel en Aarde Valley
Hamilton Russell in 1970's
91
What kind of soils and climate are found in Hemel en Aarde Valley
Elevations 125 to 400 m
rainfall 750 mm
cool climate
Shale/Decomposed granite soils
92
Name some Coastal region wards with no district
Lamberts Bay
Bamboes Bay
93
Which district in Western Cape GU is not part of any region
Ceres Plateau
Prince Albert
94
Which is the ward in Ceres Plateau
Ceres
95
Which wards in Western Cape GU do not belong to any region or district
Cederberg
Leipoldtville-Sandveld
Nieuwoudtville
96
Which are the highest vineyards in ZA
Cederberg at 1100 mtrs
97
Explain the geography and climate at Ceres in Ceres Plateau district
Inland from Tulbagh.
850 meters high plateau
Intense solar radiation (thicken skins)
Shale-based soils
Extremely cold nights
98
Which two districts were merged in Cape Town district
Cape Peninsula and Tygerberg
99
What are the wards in Cape Town district
Constantia
Durbanville
Hout Bay
Philadelphia
100
When was Constantia farm registered
1685
One of the oldest farms in new world
101
What kind of wine was initial version of Constantia
Unfortified sweet wines, both red and white
102
What three wineries came from Van Der Stel's Constantia estate
Groot Constantia
Klein Constantia
Bergvliet
103
Geographic and climatic conditions of Constantia
Chilly ocean current lowering the temperature
Cool Climate
High Rainfall (1000mm)
Clay and Sand soils derived from Granite and sandstone
104
Which producer is considered a quality leader in Durbanville
Diemersdal
105
What kind os climate does durbanville have
Cool climate with ocean influence and thick daily fogs
Ample rainfall 600 mm
No real mountain influence
106
What are the wards in Darling district
Groenekloof
107
What grape varieties is Darling district famous for
Sauvignon Blanc
Cinsault
108
What kind of soils are found in Franschhoek
Pure Granite derived soils
109
What kind of wines is Franschoek famous for
Old vine Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay
Cabernet Sauvignon
Syrah and Rhone Blends
110
When was La Colline vineyard in Franschhoek planted
1936
111
Which district is home to KWV
Paarl
112
Which river flows through Paarl
Berg
113
What are the three mountains in Paarl
Simonsberg
Paardeberg
Paarl Rock
114
What kind of soils are found in Paarl
Granitic soils with clay at lower elevations, sand and rock higher up
115
Name a notable Paarl producer from flat land
Vilafonte
116
Which mountain marks the border between Paarl and Stellenbosch
Simonsberg
117
What are the wards in Paarl District
Agter Paarl
Simonsberg Paarl
Voor Paardeberg
118
Who is the quality leader on Paarl side of Simonsberg
Backsberg
119
Which mountain creates a border between Paarl and Swartland
Paardeberg
120
Name the wards in Stellenbosch district
Banghoek
Bottelary
Davon Valley
Jonkeshoek Valley
Papegaaiberg
Polkadraai Hills
Simonsberg - Stellenbosch
121
Whic is the largest ward in stellenbosch
Simonsberg Stellenbosch
also most northerly and furthest inland
122
What are the high performing wineries of Simonsberg - Stellenbosch ward
Kanonkop
Rustenberg
Warwick
123
Which ward is called bankers ward? Why?
Banghoek, due to presence of many wealthy estates in the ward
124
Name some wineries in Banghoek ward of stellenbosch
Capensis (Jackson Family)
Delair Graff
Tokara
Rainbow's end
125
Which ward contains the highest vineyards in stellenbosch
Banghoek at 640 m
126
Which ward is at the western end of stellenbosch
Bottlery
127
Which are the relatively cooler wards of stellenbosch
Jonkershoek valley
Davon Valley
Bottlery ward (less cooler than the other two)
128
Which famous wineries are in the undefined areas of stellenbosch
Mulderbosch
Waterford
129
Which mountain range sits perpendicular to coastline in stellenbosch
Helderberg
130
What kind of soils are found in stellenbosch
decomposed sandstone
decomposed granite
shale
clay
131
Name some important wineries in stellenbosch
Beyerskloof
De Morgenzon
Ken Forrester
Meerlust
Neil Ellis
Raats
Rust en Vrede
Thelema
Vergelegan
132
Which was the course changing winery in Swartland
Spice Route by Charles Beck
133
When was Columella released
2000
134
Who started Swartland Revolution
(Now SIP, the swartland independent producers)
Adi Badenhorst
Mullineuxs
Eben Sadie
135
What are the core values of SP for local certification
List of varieties best suited to region
Mandate for minimal or no adjustment in the cellar
136
What kind of soils are found in Swartland
Sand like decomposed Granite
Slate
Shale
Schist
Some Chalk in the north
137
Which ward has chalk rich soils in Swartland
St Helena Bay
138
Name the wards of Swartland
Malmesbury
Paardeberg
Paardeberg South
Riebeekberg
Riebeekrivier
St Helena Bay
139
What are the key geographical and climatic features of Tulbagh district
Inland from Swartland
Tall mountains
Elevated horse shoes shaped valley
More rainfall and colder winter than swartland
Shale with clay and quartz soils
Heavy wind currents
140
Which winery in Tulbagh is famous for its concentrated reds
Fable Mountain
141
Name the districts of Coastal Region
Cape Town
Darling
Swartland
Lutzville
Stellenbosch
Tulbagh
Paarl
Franschoek
142
Name the ward of Lutzville valley
Koekenaap
143
Name the wards of wellington district
Blouvlei
Bovlei
Groenberg
Limietberg
Mid berg River
144
Which district was once a ward of Paarl
Wellington
145
Which massive wine company is based n Wellington
DGB
146
What does Karoo means in African language
Dry and Thirsty land
147
Which distrct in Klein Karoo is famous for port style wines
Calitzdorp
148
Name 3 kinds of port styled wines produced in Klein Karoo
Cape Ruby
Cape Tawny
Cape Vintage
149
Name the districts of Klein Karoo
Calitzdorp
Langeberg - Garcia
150
Name teh wards of Klein Karoo without a region
Cango Valley
Montagu
Outeniqua
Tradouw
Tradouw Highlands
Upper Langkloof
151
Name a famous winery in Klein Karoo
Joubert Tradouw
152
Which river flows through Olifants River Region
Olifants River
153
Name a famous wine from Citrusdal Mountain
Skurfberg
154
Name a districts in Olifants River Region
Citrusdal Mountain
Citrusdal Valley
155
Name the wards of Olifants River region, with no district
Spruitdrift
Vredendal
156
Name the ward in Citrusdal Mountain District
Piekenierskloof
157
What is Cape West Coast subregion
Darling, Lutzville Valley, and the western half of Swartland, plus the wards of Groenekloof, St. Helena Bay, Lamberts Bay, Bamboes Bay, and Koekenaap
