ch 14 abnormal psychology

Question 1

what is the subfield of behavioral disorders also called?

Answer 1

abnormal psychology or psychopathology

Question 2

how do we decide if someone has a behavioral disorder?

Answer 2

If the behavior is dysfunctional, meaning that it has an effect on living everyday life normally

Question 3

name the 7 approaches to deciding if someone has a behavioral disorder

Answer 3

1. statistical approach (normal curve)
2. sociological approach (what’s normal in one culture)
3. psychoanalytic: all problems stem from early childhood experiences
4. behavioral
5. cognitive: positive thinking
6. biological: chemical imbalances, give medicine
7. interactionist: study interaction b/w factors (childhood, behavior, culture, etc)

Question 4

what does DSM stand for? (and who is the book by)

Answer 4

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, by American Psychiatric Association (and American Psychological Association)

Question 5

2 main categories of disorders in DSM-2

Answer 5

neurotic: excessive anxiety + worrying
psychotic: separations/breaks from reality

Question 6

what are the 5 main categories of anxiety disorders?

Answer 6

1. generalized anxiety disorder
2. panic disorder
3. agoraphobia
4. social anxiety
5. specific phobias

Question 7

generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 7

non-specific anxiety that lasts 6 months or more

Question 8

panic disorder

Answer 8

fear of having panic attacks (heart pounding out of chest, can’t breathe)

Question 9

agoraphobia

Answer 9

• fear of being outside
• on the rise worldwide
• agora = Greek word for marketplace

Question 10

social anxiety (social phobia)

Answer 10

related to agoraphobia; debilitating fear of embarrassing yourself in public places

Question 11

specific phobia

Answer 11

an irrational fear that impedes your life

Question 12

4 examples of neurodevelopmental disorders

Answer 12

1. intellectual disability (formerly retarded)
2. autism
3. attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
4. specific learning disorder

Question 13

post-traumatic stress disorder

Answer 13

Anxiety disorder that typically follows a traumatic event or events; characterized by a reliving of that event, avoidance of stimuli associated with the event or numbing of general responsiveness, and increases arousal
Shell Shock
Battle Fatigue

Question 14

feeding & eating disorders

Answer 14

anorexia + bulimia
* anxiety disorders to control smth in their life, can over-regulate it

Question 15

dissociative disorders

Answer 15

the thoughts and feelings that generate anxiety are separated or dissociated from conscious awareness
* dissociative amnesia, dissociative identity disorder

Question 16

dissociative amnesia (w/ fugue)

Answer 16

An inability to recall important autobiographical information after a traumatic or stressful episode. we repress things we don’t want to remember
* fugue state: if someone has dissociative amnesia and takes off

Question 17

dissociative identity disorder

Answer 17

• formerly Multiple Personality Disorder
• pieces of a single personality (very one-dimensional; child side, rough side, etc), which can be brought together in therapy
• have black-outs where they don’t remember what happened
• usually after experiencing trauma

Question 18

what are the 8 paraphilias

Answer 18

Fetishism
Transvestite
Exhibitionism
Voyeurism
Sexual Sadism Disorder
Sexual Mascochism Disorder
Pedophilla
Gender Dysphoria

Question 19

what are the 10 personality disorders?

Answer 19

• paranoid (distrustful of others; lack tender, warm feelings)
• schizoid (loner/hermit, do not want meaningful relationships)
• schizotypal (odd thinking/speech; think random events are meaningful to them)
• histrionic (overly dramatic, self-centered)
• narcissistic
• antisocial (sociopath, psychopath)
• borderline
• avoidant (desperately want relationships but have too-high standards)
• dependent
• obsessive-compulsive

Question 20

bipolar disorder

Answer 20

A psychiatric disorder characterized by extreme mood swings from immobilizing depression to euphoria and frantic activity
* previously referred to as manic depression

Question 21

seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

Answer 21

a mood disorder characterized by depression that occurs at the same time every year
Light exposure therapy

Question 22

anorexia

Answer 22

lack or loss of appetite for food, an emotional disorder characterized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat

Question 23

bulimia

Answer 23

an eating disorder marked by bouts of overeating, followed by fasting or vomiting

Question 24

delusions (4 kinds)

Answer 24

an exaggerated and rigidly held belief that has little or no basis in fact (problem with cognition)
Grandeur
Persecution
Reference
Control

Question 25

hallucinations

Answer 25

false perception that lacks a sensory basis; can be produced by hallucinogenic drugs, fatigue, or sensory deprivation (Auditory hallucinations can be associated with severe psychotic disorders)(problems with perception)